Isishwankathelo: Iityhubhu zebhoyila, njengezinto eziphambili "zemithambo" yeebhoyila, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yamandla neyoshishino yanamhlanje. Ifana "nomthambo wegazi" othutha amandla, uthwala uxanduva olunzima lokuthwala imidiya yobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo nokusebenzayo kwenkqubo yebhoyila. Kwintsimi yesicelo, ishishini lamandla obushushu lilona lisebenzisa kakhulu iityhubhu zebhoyila. Kwizityalo zamandla obushushu zemveli ezisebenzisa amalahle kunye negesi, iibhoyila, njengezixhobo eziphambili zokuguqula amandla, zifuna inani elikhulu leetyhubhu zebhoyila ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukwakha imijelo yokuvelisa umphunga kunye nokuthutha. Ngezantsi, umbhali uphonononga ngokufutshane imakethi yangoku yeetyhubhu zebhoyila kwaye ujonge phambili kwimakethi yeetyhubhu zebhoyila ngo-2025.
1. Isishwankathelo soShishino
Njengenxalenye ephambili yezixhobo zebhoyila, iityhubhu zebhoyila zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumandla obushushu, iibhoyila zoshishino, ukufudumeza okuphakathi kunye nezinye iindawo. Umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwazo kunxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nokusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kwamandla kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza.
Ishishini lamandla obushushu lelona lisebenzisa kakhulu iityhubhu zebhoyila. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, iyunithi yamandla obushushu obuphezulu obuzizigidi zeekhilowati ingasebenzisa amawaka eetoni zeetyhubhu zebhoyila, igubungela iindawo ezibalulekileyo ukusuka kwiindawo zokufudumeza i-oven ukuya kwiipayipi zomphunga.
Intsimi yebhoyila yemizi-mveliso ikwayindawo ebalulekileyo yeetyhubhu zebhoyila. Kumacandelo amaninzi angaphantsi kwemizi-mveliso afana neshishini leekhemikhali, i-metallurgy, i-papermaking, kunye nezixhobo zokwakha, inkqubo yemveliso ayinakwahlulwa kumandla obushushu anikezelwa ngumphunga. Iimpendulo zokwenziwa kweekhemikhali zihlala zixhomekeke kuncedo lomphunga ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu. Amakhonkco okunyibilikisa kunye nokwakha kwishishini le-metallurgical afuna umphunga omkhulu oneekhalori eziphezulu ukuqinisekisa iinkqubo ezigudileyo. Ukutshiswa nokusomiswa kwephepha kwiimililo zephepha kusebenzisa umphunga njengamandla aphambili.
Iityhubhu zebhoyila nazo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokufudumeza ephakathi kwimimandla esemantla. Ngokukhawuleziswa kokukhula kwezixeko kunye nokuphuculwa komgangatho wobomi babemi, ukugubungela ukufudumeza ephakathi kuyaqhubeka nokwanda.

Imigangatho ephambili yokusetyenziswa kweetyhubhu zebhoyila ibandakanyaGB/T 5310-2017"Iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zeebhoyila zoxinzelelo oluphezulu",GB/T 3087-2008"Iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zeebhoyila eziphantsi neziphakathi", kunye ne-GB/T 14976-2012 "Iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo ezingenamthungo zothutho olumanzi" eTshayina; imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe ibandakanyaI-ASTM A106/A106M-2019"Iityhubhu zentsimbi yekhabhoni ezingenamthungo zobushushu obuphezulu" (uMbutho waseMelika woVavanyo kunye nomgangatho wezinto) EN 10216-2 "Iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zeenjongo zoxinzelelo - Iimeko zokuhanjiswa kobuchwephesha - Icandelo 2: Iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingezizo i-alloy kunye ne-alloy ezine-Specialing High-Temperature Performance" (uMgangatho waseYurophu), njl.njl.