Iityhubhu zesinyithi ezingenamthungo zeChromium molybdenum (Cr Mo) zenkonzo yebhoyila zizinto eziphambili ezisetyenziswa kwiibhoyila eziluncedo, kwiibhoyila zemizi-mveliso, nakwii-oven zepetrochemical phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Zinokwahlulwa ngokwemilinganiselo yobugcisa elandelayo.

1. Uhlu ngokweNsimbi okanye uhlobo (Uhlu oluPhambili)

Umgangatho wetyhubhu engenamthungo yeCr Mo umisela ngokuthe ngqo ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo olusebenzayo. Umgangatho oqhelekileyo kunye nemigangatho ehambelanayo idweliswe ngezantsi.

Ibanga lentsimbi okanye uhlobo
Umgangatho
Umxholo we-Cr (ipesenti)
Umxholo we-Mo (ipesenti)
Ubushushu besinyithi obusebenzayo (i-degree Celsius)
Isicelo esiqhelekileyo

15CrMoG
GB/T 5310
0.80 ukuya kwi-1.10
0.25 ukuya ku-0.35
ukuya kuthi ga kwi-550
i-superheater, i-reheater, i-header

12Cr1MoVG
GB/T 5310
0.90 ukuya kwi-1.20
0.25 ukuya ku-0.35
ukuya kuthi ga kwi-580
i-superheater yobushushu obuphezulu, i-reheater yobushushu obuphezulu

12Cr2MoG
GB/T 5310
2.00 ukuya kwi 2.50
0.90 ukuya kwi-1.10
ukuya kuthi ga kwi-600
Izixhobo zobushushu obuphezulu zebhoyila ezingaphantsi okanye ezibaluleke kakhulu

T11 / P11
I-ASTM A213 /A335
1.00 ukuya kwi-1.50
0.44 ukuya kwi-0.65
ukuya kuthi ga kwi-540
iityhubhu zokufudumeza umphezulu webhoyila (T11), iintloko kunye nemibhobho (P11)

T22 / P22
I-ASTM A213 / A335
2.00 ukuya kwi 2.50
0.87 ukuya kwi-1.13
ukuya kuthi ga kwi-580
i-superheater yobushushu obuphezulu, i-reheater yobushushu obuphezulu

T91 / I-P91
I-ASTM A213 / A335
8.00 ukuya ku-9.50
0.85 ukuya kwi-1.05
ukuya kuthi ga kwi-650
umphezulu wokufudumeza obushushu obuphezulu kakhulu kwibhoyila

I-T92 / I-P92
I-ASTM A213 / A335
8.50 ukuya kwi-9.50
0.30 ukuya kwi-0.60
ukuya kuthi ga kwi-650
izinto ezifuna amandla aphezulu okuhambahamba

Qaphela: Kwi-GB/T 5310, isimamva u-G simele ityhubhu yebhoyila enoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Kwimigangatho yaseMelika, uthotho lwe-T (iThubhu) lusetyenziselwa iityhubhu zomphezulu wobushushu obuncinci, ngelixa uthotho lwe-P (iPipe) lusetyenziselwa iintloko ezinkulu kunye neepayipi.

2. Uhlulo ngokweSikhundla seCandelo leBoiler

Indawo yecandelo
Amanqaku aqhelekileyo
Ubushushu obuqhelekileyo besinyithi (iqondo leCelsius)
Iimfuno eziphambili

Ityhubhu yodonga lwamanzi
15CrMoG, 20G
400 ukuya kuma-500
ukumelana ne-oxidation, amandla aneleyo okuhambahamba

Ityhubhu ye-Superheater
12Cr1MoVG, T91, T92
550 ukuya ku-650
amandla aphezulu okuhamba ngobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuxinana komphunga

Ityhubhu yokubuyisela i-heater
12Cr1MoVG, T91
550 ukuya kuma-600
ifana ne-superheater kodwa inodonga oluncinci kancinci

Ityhubhu ye-Economizer
15CrMoG, 20G
ngaphantsi kwama-450
ukumelana nokugqwala kwecandelo lobushushu obuphantsi

Isihloko
12Cr1MoVG, P22, P91
kufutshane nobushushu bomphunga
udonga oluqinileyo, ukumelana noxinzelelo, ukudityaniswa kakuhle

Imibhobho ephambili yomphunga
P22, P91, P92
540 ukuya ku-620
amandla aphezulu okuhambahamba, ukumelana nokudinwa kubushushu

3. Uhlulo ngokweNkqubo yoMveliso

Nangona zonke zingenamthungo, iityhubhu ze-Cr Mo ze-boiler grade zineemfuno ezikhethekileyo zenkqubo.

Ukuqengqeleka okushushu okanye ukukhupha okushushu: ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, uluhlu olubanzi lobukhulu, umphezulu one-oxide scale. Ifanelekile kwiityhubhu zodonga ezinde eziphakathi ukuya kwezinkulu, ezifana neentloko kunye neepayipi eziphambili zomphunga.

Ukuzoba okubandayo okanye ukuqengqeleka okubandayo: ukuchaneka okuphezulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-plus okanye minus 0.05 mm), umphezulu ogudileyo. Ifanelekile kwiityhubhu ezincinci, ezibhityileyo zodonga ezifana nee-superheater kunye nee-reheater serpentine coils.

Umzobo obandayo onomthambo wobushushu oqaqambileyo: ucoceko oluphezulu lwangaphakathi, akukho oxide scale. Ifanelekile kwiityhubhu zamanzi okuhambisa amanzi anoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye neetyhubhu zezixhobo ezichanekileyo.

Ngenxa yomxholo wazo ophezulu we-alloy, iintsimbi ze-Cr Mo zifuna ulawulo oluqinileyo lobushushu bokufudumeza kunye nesantya sokuguqulwa ngexesha lokuqengqeleka okushushu okanye ukukhutshwa okushushu ukuze kuthintelwe ukuqhekeka okanye ukungabikho kolwakhiwo olufanayo.

4. Uhlu ngokweDayamitha yangaphandle kunye noBungqingqwa bodonga

Udidi
Uluhlu lobubanzi bangaphandle (mm)
Uluhlu lobukhulu bodonga (mm)
Isicelo esiqhelekileyo

Ityhubhu encinci enobubanzi
16 ukuya kuma-89
2 ukuya kwi-8
iikhoyili ze-superheater kunye ne-reheater serpentine

Ityhubhu enobubanzi obuphakathi
89 ukuya ku-219
6 ukuya kuma-25
i-downcomer kunye neetyhubhu zokudibanisa

Ityhubhu enkulu enobubanzi
219 ukuya ku-610
20 ukuya kuma-60
iintloko kunye neepayipi eziphambili zomphunga

5. Uhlulo ngokweMigangatho eSebenzayo

Iimarike ezahlukeneyo zokuthumela ngaphandle zifuna iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezisemgangathweni.

Umgangatho waseTshayina: GB/T 5310, amabakala afana ne-15CrMoG, 12Cr1MoVG, 12Cr2MoG.

Umgangatho waseMelika: I-ASTM A213 yobubanzi obuncinci, i-A335 yobubanzi obukhulu, amabakala afana ne-T11, T22, T91, P11, P22, P91.

Umgangatho waseYurophu: EN 10216-2, amabakala afana ne-13CrMo4-5, 10CrMo5-5, X10CrMoVNb9-1 (ilingana ne-T91).

Umgangatho waseJamani: DIN 17175 (ithatyathelwe indawo yi-EN kodwa isasetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi ezindala), amabakala afana ne-13CrMo44, 10CrMo910.

Umgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe: ISO 9329-2, amabakala ahambelanayo.

6. Uhlu ngokweMeko yokuhanjiswa

Imeko yokuhanjiswa kweetyhubhu zeCr Mo ichaphazela ngqo ukusebenza kwazo.

Iqhelekile kwaye iqinisiwe (N kunye no-T): uhlengahlengiso lulandelwa kukufudumala okuphezulu kobushushu. Isetyenziswa kwiityhubhu ezininzi ze-Cr Mo ezifana ne-15CrMoG kunye ne-12Cr1MoVG.

Iqhelekile (N): iqhelekile kuphela. Isetyenziselwa usetyenziso apho iimfuno zempembelelo yobushushu obuphantsi zingabalulekanga.

Icinyiwe kwaye iqiniswe (Q kunye no-T): ukucima kulandele ukupholisa. Isetyenziselwa amandla aphezulu kunye neemfuno zokuqina okuphezulu, umzekelo i-T91 kunye ne-P91.

Isisombululo silungisiwe (S): sifudunyezwa sifikelele kubushushu obuphezulu size sipholiswe ngokukhawuleza. Sisetyenziselwa iityhubhu ze-austenitic stainless Cr Mo ezifana ne-TP347H (ziqulethe i-Cr kodwa azikho kwi-Cr Mo steel eqhelekileyo).