I. Uhlu lweeMveliso kunye neZiseko zeRhafu

Umahluko osisiseko phakathiUmbhobho odibeneyokunye nePipe yeNtsimbi engenamthungo kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe iqala ngeekhowudi zayo zeHarmonized System (HS). Ngokwehlelo lwe-WCO, iipayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo ziwela phantsi kwekhowudi ye-HS 7304, ngelixa iipayipi ezidityanisiweyo ziwela phantsi kwe-7306. Olu luhlu luphambili luxhasa zonke izicelo ezilandelayo zerhafu kunye nokulungiswa korhwebo.

Uhlu oluchanekileyo lubalulekile kubathumeli bempahla kwamanye amazwe. Iimveliso ezifana nePipe yeNtsimbi engenamthungoA333 T11, Ityhubhu engenamthungoI-A333 T9, Ityhubhu engenamthungoA333 T5, Umbhobho weNsimbi yeAlloyA333 T91, Iipayipi ze-Alloy Steel Seamless, kunye ne-China Alloy Steel Tube kufuneka zihlelwe phantsi kwezihlokwana ezifanelekileyo ze-7304 ngokusekelwe kwizinto zazo, ububanzi, icandelo elinqamlezileyo, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha.

II. Imigaqo-nkqubo yeRhafu yokungenisa impahla ye-EU

Umgaqo-nkqubo we-EU wokungenisa iipayipi zentsimbi yinkqubo enamaleko amaninzi equka imisebenzi esisiseko, amanyathelo okukhusela, kunye nemisebenzi yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma.

Imisebenzi Esisiseko kunye neQuotas zoKhuseleko: I-EU igcina iiquota zerhafu yokukhusela (ii-TRQ) kwiimveliso ezininzi zentsimbi. Kwi "Ezinye iiTubes ezingenamthungo" (iipayipi ezingenamthungo ezingenasici phantsi kwe-HS 7304), iquota yamazwe afana neTshayina imalunga neetoni ezingama-34,000 ukuya kuma-34,800 ngekota nganye ngo-2025-2026; irhafu eyongezelelweyo engama-25% iyasebenza kwiimpahla ezingeniswayo ezidlula iquota. Kwi "Seamless Stainless Tubes and Pipes," kukho neequota ezithile zelizwe, kunye nerhafu engaphezulu kwequota engama-25%. Utshintsho olukhulu lucwangciselwe umhla woku-1 kuJulayi 2026, xa i-EU kuthiwa iceba ukunciphisa iiquota zokungenisa impahla malunga nama-50% kwaye inyuse irhafu engaphezulu kwequota ukusuka kuma-25% ukuya kuma-50%. Oku kuya kuchaphazela kakhulu iindleko zokungenisa iimveliso ezahlukeneyo ezingenamthungo, kubandakanya iiTubes zeSinyithi ezingenamthungo zeZixhobo zoMgquba kunye nePipe engenamthungo yeSteam.

Imisebenzi Yokulwa Nokulahla Inkunkuma:

Iipayipi Ezingenamthungo (HS 7304): I-EU ibeka irhafu eqinisekileyo yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma kwiipayipi ezithile ezingenamthungo kunye neetyhubhu zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ezivela eTshayina, ngamaxabiso aqala kwi-48.3% ukuya kwi-71.9%. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukuba zombini iindleko zokhuseleko ezingentla kunye nerhafu yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma zisebenza ngaxeshanye, i-EU iqokelela kuphela ephezulu kwezi zimbini. Kwimibhobho engenamthungo yentsimbi yekhabhoni (umz., i-Sa-106m, i-Cr5mo Alloy Steel Pipe, ububanzi bangaphandle ≤406.4mm, i-CEV ≤0.86) evela eRashiya nase-Ukraine, irhafu yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma nayo iyasebenza, kunye namaxabiso ahluka ngokwabavelisi (24.1%-35.8% kwiinkampani zaseRashiya, 8.1%-25.7% kwiinkampani zase-Ukraine).

Iipayipi Ezihlanganisiweyo (HS 7306): I-EU ihlawulisa irhafu yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma kwiipayipi ezihlanganisiweyo zesinyithi okanye isinyithi esingena-alloy (ububanzi bangaphandle ≤168.3mm) ezivela eTshayina, eRashiya, naseBelarus. Izinga langoku leemveliso zaseTshayina liyi-90.6% emangalisayo. Ngo-Epreli 2026, i-EU yaqalisa uphononongo lokutshona kwelanga kwezi nyathelo ukuze kubonwe ukuba kufuneka zandiswe na.

III. Imigaqo-nkqubo yeRhafu yokungenisa impahla e-UK

Emva kweBrexit, i-UK imisele inkqubo yayo yerhafu ezimeleyo (i-UK Global Tariff) kunye nesakhelo sokulungisa urhwebo (iTrade Remedies Authority, TRA). Ulwakhiwo lomgaqo-nkqubo we-UK lufana—iirhafu ezisisiseko, ukhuseleko, kunye neerhafu zokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma—kodwa zahlukile kwiirhafu ezithile kunye nokugubungela ilizwe.

Amanyathelo oKhuselo: Ngokufanayo ne-EU, i-UK isebenzisa ii-TRQ zokukhusela kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi. Phantsi kodidi lwe-"Other Seamless Tubes", iTshayina inesabelo sekota esimalunga neetoni ezingama-34,400, kunye nerhafu ye-25% yokungeniswa kwempahla engaphezulu kwesabelo. I-UK ikwagcina isabelo se-"Other Welded Pipes."

Imisebenzi Yokulwa Nokulahla Inkunkuma:

Iipayipi Ezihlanganisiweyo (HS 7306): I-UK iyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa iirhafu zokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma kwiipayipi ezihlanganisiweyo zentsimbi okanye isinyithi esingena-alloy (ububanzi bangaphandle ≤168.3mm) ezivela eTshayina naseBelarus, kunye nexabiso leemveliso zaseTshayina likwi-90.6%. Umahluko ophambili kukuba i-UK yaphelisa amanyathelo ayo nxamnye neRashiya kwezi mveliso ngo-2023. NgoJanuwari 2026, i-TRA yaqalisa uphononongo lokutshona kwelanga malunga namanyathelo nxamnye neTshayina neBelarus.

Iipayipi Ezingenamthungo (HS 7304): I-UK igcine imisebenzi yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma eyayizuzwe kwi-EU kwiipayipi ezithile ezingenamthungo ezivela eRashiya nase-Ukraine. Ngokuphathelele iipayipi ezingenamthungo zaseTshayina zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, okwangoku akukho lwazi lufumanekayo esidlangalaleni olubonisa ukuba i-UK inemisebenzi ezimeleyo yokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma, oko kuthetha ukuba ukufikelela kwimarike kuthintelwe kakhulu zii-quota zokhuseleko.

IV. Isishwankathelo soMmahluko oPhambili kwiMigaqo-nkqubo

Udidi lweMveliso	Isixhobo soMgaqo-nkqubo	IManyano yaseYurophu (i-EU)	I-United Kingdom (e-UK)
Iipayipi Ezingenamthungo (HS 7304)	Ukhuseleko	Izabelo ziyasebenza; irhafu engaphezulu kwesabelo ingama-25%; ukuqina okukhulu kulindeleke emva kukaJulayi 2026	Izabelo ziyasebenza; irhafu engaphezulu kwesabelo ingama-25%
	Ukuchasa ukulahla inkunkuma (eTshayina)	I-Stainless engenamthungo: 48.3% -71.9%	Akukho msebenzi we-AD ozimeleyo ochongiweyo
	Ukuchasa ukulahla inkunkuma (Ezinye)	Ikhabhoni yaseRashiya/eUkraine engenamthungo: 8.1%-35.8%	Ndigcine amanyathelo e-EU malunga neRussia/Ukraine, kodwa umgaqo-nkqubo unokuguquka ngokuzimeleyo
Iipayipi eziWelding (HS 7306)	Ukhuseleko	Ii-quotas kunye ne-25% yerhafu engaphezulu kwe-quota iyasebenza	Ii-quotas kunye ne-25% yerhafu engaphezulu kwe-quota iyasebenza
	Ukuchasa ukulahla inkunkuma (eTshayina)	90.6%	90.6%
	Ukuchasa ukulahla inkunkuma (Ezinye)	Amanyathelo nxamnye neRashiya neBelarus	Amanyathelo achasene neBelarus agciniwe; amanyathelo aseRashiya aphelisiwe