— Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wezinto Zokwenza Amapayipi Ezisetshenziswa Enuzi Nezinamandla Eziphezulu ZaseRussia Ezinokushisa Okuphezulu Nokucindezela Okuphezulu

I-Sanonpipe – Umhlinzeki Wakho Othembekile Wezingqimba Zebhoyila Ezijwayelekile ZaseRussia

I. Ukubekwa Kwesistimu Ejwayelekile: “Incazelo Ekhethekile Yobuchwepheshe” Yamapayipi Ebhoyila Amandla Enuzi Nawokushisa

I-TУ 3-923-75iyincazelo yobuchwepheshe ezinikele (i-ТУ - Izimo Zobuchwepheshe) eyathuthukiswa yiRussia yamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo asetshenziswa kuizinhlelo zebhoyila zesitshalo samandla enuzi kanye nezitshalo zamandla okushisaNgokungafani nezindinganiso zikazwelonke ezijwayelekile (ГОСТ), izindinganiso ze-ТУ zivame ukwenziwa ngezifiso zezicelo ezithile zezimboni, zibeka izidingo zobuchwepheshe eziqinile neziqondiswe kakhulu.

Le nqubo isetshenziswa kakhulu ngabakhiqizi abakhulu bemishini esindayo baseRussia abafanaI-НКМЗ (Isitshalo Sokwakha Umshini saseNovokramatorsk)futhi ingenye yezindinganiso eziyinhloko zezinto zokwakha zezinhlelo zamapayipi ashisa kakhulu, anomfutho ophezulu emikhakheni yamandla enuzi kanye nokushisa yaseRussia. Kuyo yonke iRussia kanye nemakethe ye-CIS, le zindinganiso isetshenziswa kabanzi kumapayipi amakhulu omusi we-nuclear, amapayipi e-boiler superheater, amapayipi okuvuselela, kanye neminye imishini ebalulekile, okwenza kube isisekelo sobuchwepheshe esibalulekile sokuthengwa kwamapayipi ekukhiqizeni amandla enuzi kanye nokushisa.

Izici ezibalulekile zendinganiso: I-ТУ 3-923-75 ibeka izidingo eziqinile ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini, izinqubo zokwelashwa kokushisa, kanye nokulawulwa kokufakwa okungeyona insimbi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kwesikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezimbi kakhulu zezitshalo zamandla enuzi kanye namayunithi abaluleke kakhulu.

Ukwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo: Indinganiso ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi amamaki amabili ayisisekelo -16ГС (16GS)insimbi yesakhiwo ene-alloy ephansi kanye15Х1М1Ф (15Kh1M1F)insimbi engashisi kakhulu ene-alloy ephansi.

II. Izinto ezingu-16ГС (16GS) ngokuningiliziwe – Insimbi Eqinile Enesakhiwo Esine-Alloy Ephansi

16ГС(Ukuhumusha ngesiLatini:16GS) iyinsimbi yokwakha enamandla aphezulu ene-alloy ephansi ngaphansi kohlelo olujwayelekile lwaseRussia, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwe-boiler, i-pressure vessel, kanye nezingxenye zesakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe.

Amabanga alinganayo emhlabeni jikelele:

Uhlelo Olujwayelekile	Ibanga Elilinganayo	Amazwi
IShayina (GB)	Q345D(ngaphambilini16Mn)	Insimbi yesakhiwo enamandla aphezulu ne-alloy ephansi
Okuvamile kwamazwe ngamazwe	Insimbi yesakhiwo sesistimu ye-Mn-Si ene-alloy ephansi	—

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali (wt%): Yinsimbi enekhabhoni ephansi, ene-manganese ephezulu enekhabhoni ≤0.20%, i-manganese 1.30–1.70%, kanye ne-silicon 0.50–0.80%, enikeza ukushibilika okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi.

Izakhiwo zemishini:

Amandla okunamathela: 470–640 MPa

Amandla okukhiqiza: 305–345 MPa (kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu)

Ukuqina komthelela okushisa okuphansi: kuhlangabezana nezidingo zomthelela -40°C

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile:

Izinhlelo zamapayipi ebhoyila ezitshalweni zamandla enuzi kanye nezokushisa

Izingxenye zesakhiwo sama-boilers omusi kanye nemikhumbi yokucindezela

Imishini yokucindezela eshiselwe kanye nezakhiwo zensimbi

Izici zezinto ezibonakalayoIzici ze-16ГСukushibilika okuhle kakhulu, ukuqina okuhle kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, kanye namandla aphezulu kakhulu, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile yokufaka amapayipi ebhoyila ezisetshenziswayo zamandla enuzi kanye nokushisa.

III. Izinto 15Х1М1Ф (15Kh1M1F) Ngokuningiliziwe – Insimbi Engamelani Nokushisa Ene-Benchmark Low-Alloy

15Х1М1Ф(Ukuhumusha ngesiLatini:15Kh1M1F) iyinsimbi engashisi ukushisa ene-alloy ephansi ngaphansi kohlelo olujwayelekile lwaseRussia, ebekwe ngokuyinhloko ukuze isetshenzisweamandla enuzi kanye nokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu, isevisi yokushisa okuphezulu, enomfutho ophezuluLe nsimbi eqiniswe ngokushisa e-pearlitic ihlanganisa izinto ezixubayo njenge-chromium (Cr), i-molybdenum (Mo), kanye ne-vanadium (V) ukuze ithuthukise kakhulu amandla okuqhekeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ukumelana nokushiswa kwe-oxidation, kanye nokuqina kwenkonzo yesikhathi eside.

Ukwahlukaniswa kokuqokwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo: 15kubonisa okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okungaba ngu-0.15%,Хimele i-chromium (Cr),1okuqukethwe kwe-chromium okungaba ngu-1%,Мye-molybdenum (Mo),1okuqukethwe kwe-molybdenum okungaba ngu-1%, kanyeФye-vanadium (V).

Amabanga alinganayo emhlabeni jikelele:

Uhlelo Olujwayelekile	Ibanga Elilinganayo	Amazwi
IShayina (GB/T 3077)	15Cr1Mo1V	Insimbi engangenisi ukushisa ene-alloy ephansi, izinto eziyinhloko zamayunithi wamandla okushisa asekhaya
IJalimane (DIN/EN)	15CrMoV5-9 / 1.8521	—

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali (wt%)– Izidingo ezijwayelekile ngokwe-ТУ 3-923-75:

Isici	Ububanzi Bokuqukethwe	Indima/Incazelo
C (Ikhabhoni)	0.10 – 0.16	Ilinganisela amandla nokuqina
I-Si (i-Silicon)	0.17 – 0.37	Kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokushiswa kwe-oxidation
I-Mn (i-Manganese)	0.40 – 0.70	Kuthuthukisa amandla nokuqina
I-Cr (i-Chromium)	1.00 – 1.40	Yakha ifilimu ye-oxide eningi, enikeza ukugqwala nokumelana nokushisa
I-Mo (i-Molybdenum)	0.90 – 1.10	Kukhulisa amandla okushisa aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokukhukhuleka
V (iVanadium)	0.20 – 0.25	Kuhlanza isakhiwo sokusanhlamvu futhi kuthuthukise amandla okushisa
I-Ni (i-Nickel)	≤ 0.25	Kuthuthukisa ukuqina
S (Isibabule)	≤ 0.025	—
I-P (i-Phosphorus)	≤ 0.025	—

I-15Х1М1Ф ngokwekhemikhali isondelene kakhulu neyaseShayina15Cr1Mo1V, esetshenziswe kabanzi kumayunithi wamandla okushisa angaphezu kwama-20 angeniswayo angama-300 MW nangaphezulu kwamapayipi amakhulu omusi, ukufudumeza kabusha amapayipi omusi, kanye nama-header. Ukuvuthwa kwayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthembeka kobunjiniyela kuqinisekiswe ngokugcwele.

Izakhiwo zemishini:

Amandla okudonsa: ≥ 500 MPa

Amandla okukhiqiza: ≥ 320 MPa

Ukwelulwa (δ5): ≥ 18% (i-longitudinal) / ≥ 16% (evundlile)

Ukuqina komthelela (KCU): ≥ 500 kJ/m² (i-longitudinal) / ≥ 400 kJ/m² (evundlile)

Izici zokusebenza ezibalulekile:

Amandla okushisa: Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Mo kanye ne-V kuthuthukisa kakhulu amandla okuqhekeka kwe-creep emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.

Ukuzinza kwesakhiwo esincane: Ngemva kokwenza kube ngokwejwayelekile kanye nokushisa okuphezulu, kutholakala isakhiwo se-bainite/sorbite esiqinile.

Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza elinconyiwe: Iyakwazi ukusebenza isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisakufika ku-+585°C.

Ukufaneleka kwenyukliya: Kufanelekela imishini yesiteshi samandla enuzi (i-AC) kanye nezinhlelo zamapayipi.

Izindawo ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa:

Isicelo	Ukusetshenziswa Okuqondile	Imibandela Yesevisi
Amandla enuzi	Imigqa emikhulu yomusi, amapayipi emishini enomfutho ophezulu	Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, umfutho ophezulu, indawo enomsebe
Amandla okushisa	Amashubhu e-boiler anamandla kakhulu/anamandla kakhulu e-boiler, amashubhu okuvuselela, amapayipi amakhulu omusi	Izinga lokushisa ≤585°C, ukucindezeleka okukhulu kakhulu
Ukukhiqizwa kwebhoyila	Amapayipi ebhoyila anomfutho ophezulu, amapayipi ebhoyila anomusi	Amapharamitha aphezulu omusi, isevisi yesikhathi eside
Imithambo yokucindezela	Imikhumbi yokucindezela enokushisa okuphezulu	Ukucindezela kokushisa okuphezulu

IV. Ukuqina Kobuchwepheshe Kwezinga Le-ТУ 3-923-75

Njengendinganiso ezinikele yamashubhu ebhoyila yamandla enuzi kanye nokushisa, i-ТУ 3-923-75 ibeka izidingo zobuchwepheshe eziqinile kakhulu:

Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa: Indinganiso ichaza ukwelashwa kokushisa okunembile kwe-15Х1М1Ф, ngokuvamileukwenza kube ngokwejwayelekile + ukushisa okuphezulu, ukuze kufezwe isakhiwo esizinzile se-bainite/sorbite esithambile. Ukulawulwa okunembile kwenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kunquma ngqo ukuzinza kwesakhiwo kanye nokugcinwa kwempahla yomshini ngesikhathi senkonzo yesikhathi eside yokushisa okuphezulu.

Ukulawulwa okuqinile kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali: Imikhawulo eqinile ekungcoleni okuyingozi njenge-sulfur ne-phosphorus iqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwezinto kanye nokuthembeka kwazo phezu kokusebenza isikhathi eside kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.

Ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi: Ithubhu ngalinye kumele lihlolwe nge-ultrasonic (UT) kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-eddy current (ET) ukuqinisekisa ukukhululeka ezifweni zangaphakathi.

V. Ukuqinisekiswa Kwekhwalithi kanye Nokusekelwa Kokuhambisana Nemithetho ye-CBAM

Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi:

Iqoqo ngalinye liza nokupheleleIsitifiketi Sokuhlolwa Kwe-MTC (Mill)

I-EN 10204 3.1/3.2izitifiketi ziyatholakala uma ucela

Ukuhlolwa komuntu wesithathu nguI-SGS, i-BV, i-TÜVkusekelwa

Ukulandeleka okugcwele kusukela enombolweni yokushisa kuya kumkhiqizo oqediwe

Usekelo lokuhambisana nentela yekhabhoni ye-EU CBAM:

Sihlinzeka ngedatha yokukhishwa kwekhabhoni ethile yomkhiqizo ngokusekelwe ezilinganisweni zangempela zesayithi

Usizo ekulungiseleleni izinhlelo zokuqapha, imibiko yokukhishwa komoya, kanye neminye imibhalo yokuhlola

Kukusiza ukuthi ugweme indlela yesijeziso senani elizenzakalelayo le-EU futhi unciphise izindleko zentela yekhabhoni

VI. Kungani Ukhetha I-Sanonpipe?

Izinzuzo Zethu	Imininingwane
Ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile	Ukuqonda okujulile kwe-ТУ 3-923-75 kanye nohlelo lobuchwepheshe lwaseRussia, kanye nokuchazwa okunembile kwezidingo zeshubhu lebhoyila lamandla enuzi kanye nelokushisa
Isiqinisekiso sezinto ezibonakalayo	Izitifiketi eziphelele zezinto ezibonakalayo ze-16ГС kanye ne-15Х1М1Ф, kanye nokunikezwa ngasikhathi sinye kwemibhalo elingana neyaseRussia neyesiShayina
Ububanzi bosayizi obuphelele	Kutholakala ngobubanzi bangaphandle10–630 mmkanye nobukhulu bodonga1–32 mm, ehlanganisa izidingo ezijwayelekile
Ukulethwa okusheshayo	Isekelwa yisitokwe esimile esingamathani angu-20,000; ama-oda ezimo eziphuthumayo athunyelwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-7-15
Usekelo oluphelele	Kusukela ekubuzeni, ekucaciseni ubuchwepheshe, kanye nekhotheshini kuya kumadokhumenti kanye ne-logistics - ukulethwa okukodwa
Ukuzibophezela okungenangozi	Izindawo zokuhlola zangaphakathi ezingaphezu kuka-240 zokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nokungafani kwemibhalo

 VII. Xhumana Nathi

I-Sanonpipe izinikele ekuhlinzekeni ngamapayipi ebhoyila angenamthungo asezingeni eliphezulu ngokuhambisana ne-ТУ 3-923-75 yemikhakha yamandla enuzi kanye nokushisa eRussia kanye nesifunda se-CIS. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udinga imininingwane ejwayelekile noma osayizi abangokwezifiso, sinikeza ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe obuchwepheshile kanye nezixazululo zokuhlinzeka eziguquguqukayo.

Izibonelo zencazelo ejwayelekile:

Труба стальная бесшовная горячедеформированная 630×25 ТУ 3-923-75 / 16ГС
(Ishubhu yensimbi engenamthungo egoqwe ngokushisa engu-630×25, nge-ТУ 3-923-75, ibanga 16ГС)

Труба стальная бесшовная горячедеформированная 530×18 ТУ 3-923-75 / 15Х1М1Ф
(Ishubhu lensimbi elingenamthungo eligoqwe ngokushisa elingu-530×18, nge-ТУ 3-923-75, ibanga 15Х1М1Ф)

I-Sanonpipe
+86 22 58658800
info@sanonpipe.com
www.sanonpipe.com

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