—— I-Sanonpipe, Umhlinzeki Wakho Othembekile Wezipayipi Ezingenamthungo Zebhoyila Nezinokushisa Okuphezulu

I. Isingeniso Esijwayelekile – Itshe Lesisekelo Lamapayipi Ensimbi Amelana Nokushisa Kwezimboni ZaseJalimane

I-DIN 17175iyindinganiso yezimboni yaseJalimane yeamashubhu angenamthungo enziwe ngezinsimbi ezingashisi, enesihloko esithi amashubhu angenamthungo ezinsimbi ezingashisi. Isebenza kumashubhu angenamthungo - kufaka phakathi amashubhu ezihloko - asetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwama-boiler, amapayipi, imikhumbi yokucindezela kanye nemishini yokunakekela kuze kufike ku-600 °Ckanye nokucindezeleka okuphezulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ngokwencazelo: “Izinsimbi ezinezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini ngisho noma zicindezelwa isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, afinyelela ku-600 °C, zizobhekwa njengezimelana nokushisa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.” Amapayipi kufanele ahlinzekwe ngendlela efanele elashwe ngokushisa ubude bawo bonke.

Indinganiso ihlanganisa ububanzi obuphelele beAmabanga ensimbi angu-9, kusukela ku-izinsimbi ezingashisi ngekhabhonifuthiizinsimbi ezingamelani nokushisa ezingasebenzi kahle to izinsimbi ezimelana nokushisa ze-martensiticNjengoba kunomlando wokusetshenziswa kwamashumi eminyaka ekukhiqizweni kwamabhoyila kanye nemikhumbi yokucindezela yaseJalimane neyaseYurophu, i-DIN 17175 isalokhu iyincazelo ebhekiswa kakhulu yezinsimbi zamapayipi ezinokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu.

Inothi elibalulekile:I-DIN 17175 ithathelwe indawo kakhulu yizinga elivunyelanisiwe laseYurophuI-EN 10216-2(Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo ngezinjongo zokucindezela – Izimo zokulethwa kobuchwepheshe – Ingxenye 2: Amashubhu ensimbi angewona a-alloy kanye ne-alloy anezakhiwo zokushisa eziphakeme ezicacisiwe). Kodwa-ke, amagama ebanga le-DIN 17175 asasetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni wonke, futhi izitshalo eziningi ezikhona, imiklamo emidala kanye nemininingwane yobuchwepheshe iyaqhubeka nokuwasho. I-Sanonpipe ingahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ngokushokungaba i-DIN 17175 noma i-EN 10216-2, njengoba kudingeka yikhasimende.

II. Izinkambu Zokusetshenziswa - Ukukhethwa Kwezinto Eziyinhloko Zezimboni Zebhoyila, Amandla kanye Neze-Petrochemical

Amashubhu angenamthungo e-DIN 17175 asetshenziswa kakhulu kulezi zicelo ezilandelayo zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu:

Indawo Yokufaka Isicelo	Ukusetshenziswa Okuqondile	Izimo Zokusebenza
Ukwakhiwa kwebhoyila	Izindawo zokushisa, amapayipi odonga lwamanzi, amapayipi okugcina umnotho wama-boiler anomfutho ophezulu	Kufika ku-600 °C, umusi ocindezela kakhulu
Amapayipi omusi	Imigqa eyinhloko yomusi, imigqa yokushisa kabusha, izihloko	Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokucindezela, isevisi yesikhathi eside
Imithambo yokucindezela	Imikhumbi nemishini yokucindezela okushisa okuphezulu	Ingcindezi + izinga lokushisa eliphezulu
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla	Amandla okushisa kanye namapayipi esitshalo senuzi	Izingxenye zesevisi ezibucayi
Imboni ye-Petrochemical	Amapayipi enqubo yokushisa okuphezulu, ama-heat exchanger	Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu + imidiya egqwalisayo

Ngokusho kweSigaba 4 sale nqubo, ukukhetha izinga lensimbi kuncike ekukhetheni kwekhasimende. I-Sanonpipe inganikeza iseluleko sobuchwepheshe sokukhetha izinto ngokusekelwe kumapharamitha athile okusebenza kwekhasimende.

III. Amabanga Ezinto Ezibalulekile - Ukumbozwa Okugcwele Kwezinsimbi Eziyisishiyagalolunye

Izembozo ze-DIN 17175Amabanga ensimbi angu-9, kusukela ezinsimbini zekhabhoni kuya ezinsimbini ezihlanganisiwe kanye nasezinsimbini ezivamile ezingamelani nokushisa kuya ezinsimbini ezingamelani nokushisa ze-martensitic:

Ibanga Lensimbi	Inombolo Yezinto Ezisetshenziswayo	Uhlobo	Izici Eziyinhloko
I-St35.8	1.0305	Ayimelani nokushisa kwekhabhoni	Izinga eliyisisekelo lamapayipi ebhoyila ajwayelekile
I-St45.8	1.0405	Ayimelani nokushisa kwekhabhoni	Esetshenziswa kakhulu, amandla aphezulu kune-St35.8
17 Mn 4	1.0481	Ayimelani nokushisa okune-alloy ephansi	Amandla aqiniswe yi-Mn, aphezulu
19 Mn 5	1.0482	Ayimelani nokushisa okune-alloy ephansi	Amandla aqiniswe yi-Mn, aphezulu nakakhulu
15 Mo 3	1.5415	I-Molybdenum ayishisi	Iqukethe i-Mo, izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhasa
13 CrMo 4 4	1.7335	Imelana nokushisa kwe-Cr-Mo	Insimbi ejwayelekile yeshubhu yebhoyila, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu
10 CrMo 9 10	1.7380	Imelana nokushisa kwe-Cr-Mo	Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-Cr-Mo, okufanele amazinga okushisa aphezulu
14 MoV 6 3	1.7715	Imelana nokushisa kwe-Mo-V	Iqukethe i-Mo ne-V, ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu
I-X20 CrMoV 12 1	1.4922	Imelana nokushisa kwe-Martensitic	Okuqukethwe kwe-alloy okuphezulu kakhulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lesevisi 650 °C

IV. Incazelo Eningiliziwe YamaBanga Ensimbi Eyinhloko

4.1 St45.8 (Izinto No. 1.0405) – Insimbi Engamelani Nokushisa Kwekhabhoni Esetshenziswa Kakhulu

I-St45.8 iyibanga lensimbi elivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu elimelana nokushisa kwekhabhoni ku-DIN 17175. Igama elithi “St” limele i-Stahl (insimbi), kanti elithi “45” libonisa izinga lamandla okudonswa elicishe libe ngu-450 MPa.

Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali (%):

Isici	Okuqukethwe kwe-St45.8	Amazwi
C	≤ 0.21	Iqinisekisa ibhalansi yamandla nokuqina
Si	0.10 – 0.35	Kuthuthukisa i-oxidation kanye nokumelana nokushisa
Mn	0.40 – 0.80	Kwandisa amandla nokuqina
P	≤ 0.020	Kulawulwa ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kokushisa okuphezulu
S	≤ 0.020	Kulawulwa ngokuqinile ukuze kusebenze kahle ukushisa

Izakhiwo Zemishini:

Impahla	Inani
Amandla okudonsa (σb)	410 – 530 MPa
Amandla okukhiqiza (σs)	≥255 MPa
Ukwelulwa (δ5)	≥ 21%

Izinga lokushisa elinconyiwe lesevisi:≤ 500 °C (izinsimbi zekhabhoni zingase zishintshe umbala uma zisebenza ngaphezu kuka-450 °C isikhathi eside)

Amabanga Alinganayo Omhlaba Wonke:

Okujwayelekile	Ibanga Elilinganayo
IShayina (GB)	20G(GB 5310)
I-USA (ASTM)	Ibanga A106 B
IJapani (JIS)	I-STB42
IYurophu (EN)	I-P235GH(EN 10216-2)

4.2 Uchungechunge Lwensimbi Engamelani Nokushisa Nge-Alloy (15Mo3 / 13CrMo44 / 10CrMo910)

Ibanga Lensimbi	Inombolo Yezinto Ezisetshenziswayo	Izinto Eziyinhloko Zokuhlanganisa	Izinga Lokushisa Lesevisi	Isicelo Esijwayelekile
15Mo3	1.5415	Mo	≤ 550 °C	Ama-superheater ebhoyila, ama-reheater
13CrMo44	1.7335	I-Cr-Mo	≤ 580 °C	Amashubhu ebhoyila anomfutho ophezulu, imigqa yomusi
10CrMo910	1.7380	I-Cr-Mo	≤ 600 °C	Amapayipi omusi ashisa kakhulu, anomfutho ophezulu

4.3 X20CrMoV121 (Into No. 1.4922) – Izinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu Kakhulu

I-X20CrMoV121 iyi-izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu neliphezulu kakhulu lesevisiinsimbi ku-DIN 17175. Izici ezibalulekile:

Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lesevisi: 650 °C

Uhlobo lwezinto:Insimbi engashisi ye-Martensitic

Izakhiwo ezibalulekile:Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-alloy kunikeza amandla amahle kakhulu okuhamba kanye nokumelana nokushiswa kwe-steam

Ukushibilika:Kudinga izinqubo ezikhethekile (ukufudumeza kusengaphambili + ukwelashwa kokushisa ngemva kokushiswa)

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile:Amayunithi okushisa okuphezulu/okucindezela okuphezulu ezitshalweni zamandla ezishisayo ezingenisiwe - amapayipi amakhulu omusi, ama-superheater, ama-reheater, nezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile

V. Amabanga Ekhwalithi – Ibanga I kanye neBanga lesi-3

I-DIN 17175 ichazaamamaki amabili ekhwalithi: Ibanga IfuthiIbanga lesi-3.

Izinga Lekhwalithi	Imibandela Esebenzayo	Izidingo Zokuhlola	Izicelo Ezijwayelekile
Ibanga I	Izinga lokushisa ≤ 450 °C, ingcindezi ≤ 80 ibha	Ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo	Amabhoyila anomfutho ophansi kuya kophakathi
Ibanga lesi-3	Izinga lokushisa > 450 °C noma ingcindezi > 80 bar	Ukuhlolwa okuqinile(100% NDT, ukuhlolwa kwendandatho okuvamile)	Ama-boiler anomfutho ophezulu, ama-superheater, ama-reheater

Kumapayipi ensimbi yekhabhoni (St35.8, St45.8), kokubili iBanga I neBanga III kungasebenza; kumapayipi ensimbi e-alloy,Ibanga lesi-3 kuphelakuyasebenza.

VI. Izidingo Zenqubo Yokukhiqiza Nokuhlola

6.1 Inqubo Yokukhiqiza

Ngokusho kweSigaba 6.1.1, amashubhu angakhiqizwa yi-ukugoqa okushisayo noma okubandayo, ukucindezela okushisayo, ukudweba okushisayo noma okubandayoInqubo ethile incike kubukhulu obudingekayo kanye nokusetshenziswa.

6.2 Ukwelashwa Kokushisa

Amapayipi kufanele ahlinzekwe ngokushisa okufanele ubude bawo bonke. Kuye ngohlobo lwensimbi, ukwelashwa kokushisa okulandelayo kungasetshenziswa:

Ukulungisa(ngezinsimbi zekhabhoni St35.8, St45.8)

Ukufakwa kwe-subcritical

Ukuqinisa nokulungisa(ngezinsimbi ze-alloy)

Ku-13CrMo44 kanye no-10CrMo910, ukulinganisa kuphela kunganele ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Izinsimbi 14MoV63 kanye no-X20CrMoV121kumelezinikezwe zisesimweni esiqinile nesithambile.

6.3 Ukuhlolwa Okungonakalisi (NDT)

NgobaAmashubhu ebanga lesi-III, indinganiso idinga:

I-NDT engu-100%(ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic) kokukhubazeka kwesikhathi eside

Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwamaphutha aphambene kanye/noma ama-lamination kungavunyelwana ngakho

6.4 Ukuhlolwa Kwendandatho

Amashubhu ebanga lesi-3 angaphansi kokuhlolwa kwendandatho, okuhlanganisa:

Ukuhlolwa kokusicaba kwendandatho

Ukuhlolwa kokukhulisa iringi

Ukuhlolwa kokudonsa kwendandatho

Kumashubhu eBanga lesi-3 anobubanzi bangaphandle obungu-≤ 51 mm,20%ubude obugoqiwe buyahlolwa; kulabo abangaphezulu kuka-51 mm,zombili izinhlangothi zobude obugoqiwe ngabunyezihlolwe ngendandatho.

VII. Izindinganiso Ezilinganayo Zomhlaba Wonke

I-DIN 17175 inezindinganiso eziningana ezilinganayo noma ezishintshaniswayo emhlabeni jikelele:

Uhlelo Olujwayelekile	Izinga Elihambisanayo	Amazwi
IYurophu (EN)	I-EN 10216-2	Ukushintshwa okuqondile (amashubhu angenamthungo asezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu)
I-USA (ASTM)	I-ASTM A106 / A213 / A335	Amashubhu angenamthungo asezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu
IShayina (GB)	I-GB 5310(amashubhu ebhoyila anomfutho ophezulu)	Izinga elijwayelekile leshubhu yebhoyila elizinikele
IShayina (GB)	I-GB 3087 (amashubhu ebhoyila anomfutho ophansi/ophakathi)	Amashubhu ebhoyila aphansi/aphakathi
I-UK (BS)	I-BS 3059 / I-BS 3602	Izindinganiso zamashubhu ebhoyila
IFrance (NF)	I-NF A 49-213	Amashubhu angenamthungo asezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu

VIII. Ireferensi Esheshayo - Ukulingana Kwamazwe Ngamazwe Kwamagreyidi Ayisihluthulelo e-DIN 17175

Ibanga le-DIN 17175	Inombolo Yezinto Ezisetshenziswayo	I-GB yaseShayina	I-ASTM yase-USA	IYurophu EN
I-St35.8	1.0305	20G (cishe)	Ibanga A106	I-P235GH
I-St45.8	1.0405	20G	Ibanga A106 B	I-P235GH
17Mn4	1.0481	Q345	—	—
19Mn5	1.0482	Q390	—	—
15Mo3	1.5415	15MoG	A209 T1a	—
13CrMo44	1.7335	15CrMoG	A213 T12	13CrMo4-5
10CrMo910	1.7380	12Cr2MoG	A213 T22	10CrMo9-10
14MoV63	1.7715	—	—	—
I-X20CrMoV121	1.4922	—	—	—

IX. Kungani Ukhetha iSanonpipe?

Izinzuzo Zethu	Incazelo Eningiliziwe
Ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile	Ukuqonda okujulile kwe-DIN 17175 kanye ne-EN 10216-2 - sichaza futhi sisebenzise yonke imfuneko ngokunembile
Isiqinisekiso sezinto ezibonakalayo	Ukumbozwa okugcwele kusukela ku-St35.8 kuya ku-X20CrMoV121; izitifiketi zezinto eziphelele (EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2 iyatholakala)
Osayizi abaphelele	Ububanzi bokuphakelwa: OD 10–426 mm, WIT 1–40 mm – ihlanganisa zonke izidingo zobukhulu be-DIN 17175
Isiqinisekiso sekhwalithi	Iyakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zeBanga loku-1 neBanga lesi-3 - i-100% NDT yamashubhu eBanga lesi-3
Ukulethwa okusheshayo	Amathani angu-20,000 esitokwe esivamile; ama-oda aphuthumayo athunyelwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-7-15
Usekelo oluphelele	Kusukela ekubuzeni nasekucaciseni kobuchwepheshe, kuya ekukhotheshini, imibhalo kanye ne-logistics - ukulethwa okukodwa
Ukuzibophezela okungenangozi	Izindawo zokuhlola zangaphakathi ezingaphezu kuka-240; akukho ukungafani kumadokhumenti
Usekelo lokuthobela imithetho ye-CBAM	Usizo ekulungiseleleni idatha ye-carbon footprint yomkhiqizo ukuze kulandelwe i-EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism ebushelelezi

X. Xhumana Nathi

I-Sanonpipe izinikele ekuhlinzekeni amakhasimende omhlaba wonke ngamapayipi angenamthungo asezingeni eliphezulu ahlangabezana nezimfuneko ze-DIN 17175. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udinga amapayipi ebhoyila, amapayipi e-superheater, amapayipi omusi noma amapayipi omshini wokucindezela, sinikeza ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe obuchwepheshile kanye nezixazululo zokuhlinzeka eziguquguqukayo.

Isibonelo esijwayelekile soku-oda:

Ishubhu Lensimbi Elingenamthungo 51 × 3.0 DIN 17175 – St45.8 III

I-Tianjin Sanonpipe Co., Ltd.
+86 22 58658800
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