I. Ukusatshalaliswa Kwensimbi Yomhlaba Wonke: Isikhundla Esivelele SaseShayina

Umphumela Wensimbi Engahluziwe Womhlaba Wonke

Ngo-2024, umkhiqizo wensimbi engahluziwe emhlabeni wonke wafinyelela amathani ayizigidigidi eziyi-1.8826, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka okungu-0.8%. Ngokwesifunda, i-Asia yayinomkhiqizo ophezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kwamathani ayizigidigidi eziyi-1 kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuDisemba 2024), kulandelwe yi-EU27, iNyakatho Melika, iRussia Commonwealth of Independent States kanye namanye amazwe aseYurophu.

Amazwe ayi-10 Aphezulu Akhiqiza Insimbi Engahluziwe Emhlabeni Wonke ngo-2024

Umkhiqizo wamazwe ayi-10 akhiqiza insimbi eluhlaza ngo-2024 umi kanje:

Izinga	Izwe	Umphumela Wensimbi Engahluziwe ka-2024
1	IShayina	Amathani ayizigidigidi eziyi-1.01
2	I-India	Amathani ayizigidi eziyi-150
3	IJapane	Amathani ayizigidi ezingu-84
4	I-united states	Amathani ayizigidi ezingu-79.5
5	I-Russia	Amathani ayizigidi ezingu-71
6	INingizimu Korea	Cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-65 (kulinganiselwa)
7	IJalimane	Cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-40 (kulinganiselwa)
8	IsiTurkey	Cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-37 (kulinganiselwa)
9	IBrazil	Cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-32 (kulinganiselwa)
10	I-Iran	Cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-31 (kulinganiselwa)

IShayina iyizwe elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni elikhiqiza insimbi, elikhiqiza insimbi eluhlaza engamathani ayizigidigidi eziyi-1.01 ngo-2024, okuyedlula kakhulu amanye amazwe. I-India, iJapan, i-United States kanye neRussia zibekwe endaweni yesibili kuya kweyesihlanu ngokulandelana.

II. Ukuthunyelwa Kwensimbi Emhlabeni Wonke: IShayina Iyahola

Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemikhiqizo yensimbi eqediwe kancane kanye neqediwe emhlabeni wonke kufinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-449 ngo-2024.

Amazwe Amathathu Ahamba Phambili Athumela Insimbi Emhlabeni Wonke Ngo-2024

IShayina: Amathani ayizigidi ezingu-117 (akhuphuke ngo-24.2% ngonyaka), alinganiselwa ku-26.0%, abekwe endaweni yokuqala emhlabeni jikelele.

IJapan: amathani ayizigidi ezingu-31.2 (ukwehla ngo-3.1% ngonyaka).

INingizimu Korea: amathani ayizigidi ezingu-28.2 (akhuphuke ngo-3.7% ngonyaka).

Amanye amazwe ahlanganisa iJalimane, iRussia kanye neTürkiye athumela kwamanye amazwe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-270 esewonke.

Njengoba ithumela kwamanye amazwe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-117, iShayina ihola imakethe yomhlaba wonke yokuthumela insimbi kwamanye amazwe ngesabelo esingu-26%, isebenza njengomdlali oyinhloko ekuhwebeni kwensimbi emhlabeni jikelele.

III. Ukukhishwa Nokuthunyelwa Kwepayipi Lensimbi LaseShayina: Isikhungo Somhlaba Wonke Samapayipi Ensimbi

Umkhiqizo wamapayipi ensimbi emhlabeni wonke wawungamathani angaba yizigidi eziyi-150 ngo-2023, kanti i-Asia ingaphezu kwama-80% kanti i-China inikela ngaphezu kwama-60%.

IShayina iphethe isikhundla esiphezulu ekukhiqizweni kwamapayipi ensimbi emhlabeni jikelele. Ngo-2024, iShayina yafinyelela irekhodi eliphezulu ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe kwamapayipi ensimbi:

Inani lamapayipi ensimbi athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe: cishe amathani ayizigidi eziyi-11, okwenyuke ngo-9.8% ngonyaka (irekhodi elisha eliphakeme)

Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo: cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-5.68–5.72, okwenza u-51% 52% wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamapayipi ensimbi

Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe: cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-5.33 (irekhodi elisha eliphakeme), kukhuphuke ngo-20.18% ngonyaka uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka

IV. Amapayipi Ensimbi Angenamthungo: Gxila Ezigabeni Zomkhiqizo Oyinhloko

Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo eShayina kufinyelele inani eliphakeme elisha lamathani ayizigidi ezingu-5.7211 ngo-2024, okuwukwenyuka okungu-1% ngonyaka uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka, okubangela u-19.26% womkhiqizo wamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo asekhaya. Umkhiqizo wasekhaya ufinyelele cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-29.7 ngo-2024.

Izimakethe ezibalulekile zokuthumela ngaphandle: i-United Arab Emirates, i-Indonesia, i-Oman, i-India, i-Türkiye, i-Thailand, i-South Korea, i-Kuwait, i-Nigeria, i-Saudi Arabia, njll.

V. Ukuhlaziywa Kwesigaba:Amapayipi ebhoyila, Amapayipi Omugqa, Amapayipi Omshini Nokwakheka

1. Amapayipi ebhoyila

Ukukhishwa kwamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo ebhoyila enomfutho ophezulu kufinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.1434 ngo-2024, ngentengo yokuthengisa emaphakathi engu-USD 525 ngethani.

Usayizi wemakethe yomhlaba wonke: cishe ama-USD ayizigidigidi eziyi-11.25, okulindelwe ukuthi afinyelele ama-USD ayizigidigidi eziyi-16.32 ngo-2031, nge-CAGR engaba ngu-5.1%.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko: izimo zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu okuhlanganisa ama-boiler esiteshi samandla, ama-superheater kanye nama-heat exchanger.

Amapayipi ebhoyila anenani eliphezulu kanye nezithiyo zobuchwepheshe, ezimele imikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi esezingeni eliphezulu. Ukukhula kwesidingo sawo kuhlobene kakhulu nokuguquka kwamandla emhlabeni jikelele, ukwakhiwa kweziteshi zamandla ezintsha kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezitshalo ezindala, nge-CAGR ephezulu kunezinga elijwayelekile lamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo.

2. Amapayipi Omugqa (Uchungechunge lwe-API 5L)

Usayizi wemakethe yepayipi yomugqa we-API yomhlaba wonke: cishe ama-USD 8.53 billion (2024), kulindeleke ukuthi afinyelele ama-USD 12.11 billion ngo-2032, nge-CAGR engaba ngu-4.5%.

Usayizi wemakethe yensimbi yomhlaba wonke yamapayipi kawoyela negesi: mkhulu cishe ngama-USD ayizigidigidi eziyi-128 ngo-2024, kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele kuma-USD ayizigidigidi eziyi-192 ngo-2032, nge-CAGR engaba ngu-4.3%. Izicelo eziyinhloko: amapayipi okudlulisa uwoyela negesi amabanga amade kanye nengqalasizinda esekelayo.

Njengezinto eziyinhloko zokwakha ingqalasizinda yamandla, amapayipi olayini azuza ezidingweni zokuthuthukiswa kukawoyela negesi emhlabeni jikelele kanye nokuvuselelwa kwamapayipi. Isitifiketi se-API 5L sisebenza njengomkhawulo wokufinyelela emakethe, kanti iShayina ingenye yemithombo emikhulu yokuphakelwa.

3. Amapayipi Omshini Nokwakheka

Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo ifinyelele cishe ku-USD 221.8 billion ngo-2024, okulindelwe ukuthi ifinyelele ku-USD 309.9 billion ngo-2030, nge-CAGR engaba ngu-5.7%.

Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo asetshenziswa kabanzi ezisekelweni zobunjiniyela, ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto, emishinini ye-hydraulic, njll. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo akhishwe ngaphandle: umthamo wokuthengisa womhlaba wonke ongaba amathani angu-860,000 ngo-2024, intengo yokuthengisa emaphakathi engaba ngu-USD 1,420 ngethani, asetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-boilers anomfutho ophezulu, ekudlulisweni kukawoyela negesi, emishinini yobunjiniyela, ezimotweni, embonini yezempi kanye nasezindaweni zobunjiniyela zasogwini.

Amashubhu emishini nawesakhiwo ayizigaba ezibalulekile zemikhiqizo eyisisekelo yamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo. Asekelwa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwengqalasizinda yomhlaba wonke kanye nentuthuko yokukhiqiza, akha ingxenye ebalulekile yemakethe yamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo.

VI. Isifinyezo Sedatha Esiphelele

Isigaba Somkhiqizo	Umkhiqizo Womhlaba Wonke / Usayizi Wemakethe	Umkhiqizo/Ukuthunyelwa Kwamanye Amazwe KwaseShayina	I-Degree Ehambisanayo yeI-Sanonpipe
Insimbi Engahluziwe	Amathani ayizigidigidi eziyi-1.8826	Amathani ayizigidigidi eziyi-1.01 (umkhiqizo)	Isisekelo Sezimboni
Ukuthunyelwa Kwensimbi Ezweni	Amathani ayizigidi ezingu-449 (ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe)	Amathani ayizigidi eziyi-117 (ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe)	Umthumeli Omkhulu Kunabo Bonke Emhlabeni
Amapayipi Ensimbi	Cishe amathani ayizigidi eziyi-150 (umkhiqizo)	Amathani angaba yizigidi ezingu-29.7 (umkhiqizo wamapayipi angenamthungo) Amathani ayizigidi ezingu-5.72 (ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamapayipi angenamthungo)	Ngaphezu kwama-60% omkhiqizo womhlaba wonke
Amapayipi ebhoyila	Ama-USD ayizigidigidi eziyi-11.25	Amathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.1434 (umkhiqizo)	Ukufanisa Okuphezulu (i-CAGR 5.1%, Ingxenye Ephezulu)
Amapayipi Omugqa	Ama-USD 8.53 billion (API)	Kufakwe engxubeni yokuthumela ngaphandle yamapayipi angenamthungo	Ukufanisana Okuphezulu (i-CAGR 4.5%, Eqhutshwa Yingqalasizinda Yamandla)
Amapayipi Esakhiwo/Emishini	Ama-USD ayizigidigidi ezingama-221.8 (amapayipi aphelele angenamthungo)	Kufakwe engxubeni yamapayipi angenamthungo	Ukufanisa, Isigaba Somkhiqizo Esiyisisekelo

VII. Ukuhlaziywa Kwebhizinisi kweI-Sanonpipe

Ukuqonda okubalulekile okutholwe kudatha engenhla:

1. Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamapayipi ensimbi eShayina kuyaqhubeka nokukhula. IShayina ithumele kwamanye amazwe cishe amathani ayizigidi eziyi-11 zamapayipi ensimbi ngo-2024, okufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu elisha. Njengebhizinisi lokuhweba kwamanye amazwe lamapayipi ensimbi eShayina,I-Sanonpipeibekwe esimweni sokukhula kwemboni ngamathuba athembisayo okuthumela kwamanye amazwe.
2. Ukuthembela kwamanye amazwe kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo kuyanda kancane kancane. Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo kwabangela cishe u-20% womkhiqizo wasekhaya ngo-2024, kanye nesidingo sasekhaya esizinzile. Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kube yimbangela enkulu yokukhula.I-SanonpipeIsu lika-100% eligxile ekuhwebeni kwamanye amazwe lihambisana kahle nezitayela zemboni.
3. Amapayipi ebhoyila namapayipi omugqa ayizigaba ze-premium ezinenani eliphezulu. Amapayipi ebhoyila afinyelela ku-CAGR engu-5.1% kanye namapayipi omugqa angu-4.5%, womabili aphezulu kunesilinganiso sokukhula esiphelele samapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo (2.7% 2.9%).I-SanonpipeUkugxila kulezi zigaba ezimbili zokukhula okuphezulu kusiza ukuthuthukisa izinzuzo, okuhambisana nedatha ekhombisa inzuzo iyonke ikhuphuka isuka ku-3.5% iye ku-5.2%.
4. Isidingo somhlaba wonke sibonisa ukuhlukaniswa okuhlukahlukene.I-Sanonpipeibeka phambili izimakethe eMpumalanga Ephakathi, eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eYurophu nakwezinye izifunda, isiqondiso esinengqondo samasu.
5. Izwekazi laseShayina liyisisekelo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni sokukhiqizwa kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo. Umkhiqizo wasekhaya wamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo ashisayo ufinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-29.7, obekwe endaweni yokuqala emhlabeni jikelele. Kuncike ezinsizeni ezinkulu zaseShayina zokugaya insimbi (TPCO, Baotou Iron & Steel, Hengyang Steel Tube, njll.),I-Sanonpipeijabulela izinzuzo zochungechunge lokuphakelwa oluphezulu.
6. Amashubhu emishini nawesakhiwo asebenza njengezigaba eziyisisekelo ezengeziwe. Usayizi wemakethe yamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo emhlabeni wonke mkhulu kakhulu. Njengezinto zokwakha eziyisisekelo ezinesidingo esizinzile, zingacebisa amaphothifoliyo omkhiqizo ngaphandle kokuthatha izinsizakusebenza eziyinhloko eziningi.
7. Ukuhlushwa kwemakethe kuyanda. Amabhizinisi ayi-10 aphezulu akhiqiza ngaphezu kuka-76% womkhiqizo wamapayipi ahlanganisiwe kanye no-54% womkhiqizo wamapayipi angenamthungo, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo kwemboni. Ngokusungula izinzuzo ezihlukene ngobuchwepheshe kanye nezinsizakalo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso,I-Sanonpipeikulungele ukuthola isabelo semakethe esengeziwe phakathi kokukhula kokuhlushwa.

Isifinyezo Esiyinhloko: IShayina ingumkhiqizi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni wamapayipi ensimbi kanye nokuthumela kwamanye amazwe. Sigxila ezigabeni zamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo aphezulu — amapayipi ebhoyila kanye namapayipi omugqa, enikeza izinsizakalo zobungcweti ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezisheshayo, ezingenabungozi, eziphansi kwekhabhoni ezimakethe zamandla kanye nengqalasizinda zomhlaba wonke.