Ipayipi lensimbi ye-alloy engenamthungoI-ASTM A335 P11iyinsimbi eyenziwe nge-chromium-molybdenum alloy, futhi igama layo elihambisanayo lesiShayina lithi15CrMoG. Le nto inamandla amahle kakhulu okushisa okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokukhukhuleka, futhi ifaneleka ezimweni zokusebenza ezishisa kakhulu nezinomfutho ophezulu. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezifana namandla namandla, kanye namakhemikhali kaphethroli.
Ngokuphathelene nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, izinto ze-P11 ziqukethe cishe i-chromium engu-1.00% - 1.50% kanye ne-molybdenum engu-0.44% - 0.65%. Le nhlanganisela ye-alloy iyenza ikwazi ukugcina izakhiwo eziqinile zemishini ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu. I-chromium element isiza ekwakheni ungqimba lwe-oxide oluqinile, ithuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinto, kuyilapho i-molybdenum element ithuthukisa kakhulu amandla aphezulu okushisa kanye nokumelana nokukhukhuleka kwezinto.
Embonini yamandla namandla, amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo e-ASTM A335 P11 asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamapayipi okushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela okuphezulu kwezitshalo zamandla ezishisayo. Avame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana nama-boiler superheater, ama-reheater, namapayipi amakhulu omusi. Lezi zingxenye ngokuvamile zidinga ukusebenza ngokuthembekile isikhathi eside endaweni enokushisa okuphezulu kusukela ku-540°C kuya ku-570°C. Lezi zinto zingamelana nokucindezela okuphezulu kwangaphakathi futhi zimelane nokugqwala kwe-oxidation okuvela kumusi okushisa okuphezulu, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kwezitshalo zamandla.
Embonini yamakhemikhali kaphethiloli, amapayipi ensimbi e-P11 asetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini ehlukahlukene yokucubungula amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Avame ukusetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amapayipi esithando esiqhekekayo, amapayipi esithando sokuguqula, kanye nezinhlelo zamapayipi okucubungula i-hydrogenation, phakathi kokunye. Lawa mapayipi adinga ukumelana nemiphumela yemidiya ye-hydrocarbon esezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu. Amandla amahle kakhulu okushisa okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwezinto kuyenza ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezidingayo zokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali kaphethiloli, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwemishini.
Embonini yamandla enuzi, amapayipi ensimbi e-P11 asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamapayipi asizayo. Nakuba amapayipi e-nuzi ngokuvamile esebenzisa izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, i-P11 isasebenza ezinhlelweni ezisizayo ezingezona ezenuzi, njengezinhlelo zokushintshanisa ukushisa kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlinzeka ngamanzi, okunikeza ukwesekwa kokusebenza okuthembekile kwezitshalo zamandla enuzi.
Ngesikhathi sokucubungula nokukhiqizwa kwale nto, kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu inqubo yokushisela. Ngaphambi kokushisela, kudingeka ukushisa kwangaphambili okungu-200-250°C. Ama-electrode ohlobo lwe-hydrogen aphansi kufanele asetshenziswe, futhi ukwelashwa kokushisa okusheshayo ku-680-720°C kuyadingeka ngemuva kokushisela. Lezi zinyathelo zingasusa ukucindezeleka kokushisela, zithuthukise isakhiwo sokushisela, futhi zivimbele ukwakheka kwemifantu ebandayo. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwepayipi, ukusekelwa okufanele kanye nezilungiselelo ze-hanger kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwepayipi lungakhula ngokukhululekile futhi lugweme ukukhiqizwa kokucindezeleka okwengeziwe kokushisa.
Ngokuthuthuka kwemboni yamandla, isidingo samapayipi okushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu siyaqhubeka nokukhula. I-ASTM A335 P11, njengepayipi elivuthiwe nelithembekile elisezingeni eliphakathi lokushisa eliphezulu, isazodlala indima ebalulekile ekugcinweni nasekuvuselelweni kwemishini ekhona. Ngokwenza ngcono ukwakheka kokwakheka kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza, ukusebenza kwale nto kuzothuthukiswa kakhulu, kuhlinzeke ngokusekelwa okungcono kwezinto zokwakha ekuthuthukiseni amasimu ahlukahlukene ezimboni.
Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo e-ASTM A335 P11, ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu okushisa okuphezulu kanye nezindleko ezingabizi kakhulu, agcina inani elikhulu lokusetshenziswa emikhakheni yobunjiniyela bamandla namakhemikhali. Ukuze ukhethe kahle futhi usebenzise kahle le nto, kudingeka ukuqonda okuphelele kanye nokuqonda izici zayo zokusebenza kanye nezidingo zokusetshenziswa.