Ma ke kahua o nā mea kila, kūlike nā ʻōnaehana maʻamau like ʻole i nā papa like ʻole a me nā koi hana. ʻO Q355D a me EN 10297 E355N ʻelua mau kila kūkulu haʻahaʻa ikaika kiʻekiʻe i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana mīkini, nā hale kūkulu, a me nā ʻāpana ʻenekinia. ʻOiai ke kaʻana like nei lākou i ka haku mele kemika a me ka pae ikaika, ua puka mai lākou mai nā ʻōnaehana maʻamau like ʻole, e alakaʻi ana i nā ʻokoʻa i nā koi loea, nā laulā noi, a me nā kikoʻī hana. Hoʻohālikelike pono kēia ʻatikala i kēia mau mea ʻelua e kōkua i nā mea hoʻohana e hana i nā koho naʻauao e pili ana i nā pono hana.

1. Nā ʻōnaehana maʻamau a me nā manaʻo o ka papa

Q355D: No ke kūlana aupuni Kina kēia papa (GB/T 1591-2018) no nā kila kūkulu haʻahaʻa ikaika kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike ʻo "Q" i ka ikaika hua, hōʻike ʻo "355" i ka ikaika hua liʻiliʻi o 355 MPa, a hōʻike ʻo "D" i ka papa maikaʻi, e hōʻike ana i ka paʻakikī o ka hopena ma -20°C.

EN 10297 E355N: ʻO kēia papa kekahi ʻāpana o ke kūlana ʻEulopa (EN 10297-1:2003) no nā paipu kila humuhumu o nā ʻāpana kea poepoe a ʻaʻole paha. ʻO "E355" e pili ana i ka ikaika hua liʻiliʻi o 355 MPa, a ʻo "N" e hōʻike ana i ka lawe ʻana i kahi kūlana maʻamau, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka microstructure like a me nā waiwai ma o ka mālama ʻana i ka normalization.

2. Hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka Hoʻohui Kemika

ʻO ke kalapona (C), silicon (Si), a me ka manganese (Mn) nā kila ʻelua, me nā mea hoʻohuihui trace i hoʻohui ʻia e hoʻoikaika i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ua like ko lākou mau pae haku mele, akā ʻokoʻa iki nā palena kikoʻī:

Q355D: Hōʻike i ka haʻahaʻa o ke kalapona (maʻamau ≤0.18%) a me ka kaohi paʻa o nā haumia sulfur (S) a me phosphorus (P) e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia a me ka paʻakikī haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā mea hoʻohuihui e like me chromium (Cr) a me nickel (Ni) he haʻahaʻa iki.

E355N: Loaʻa paha i ka nui o ke kalapona kiʻekiʻe iki aʻe (maʻamau ≤0.20%) a hiki ke hoʻokomo i nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me ke keleawe (Cu). Hoʻoikaika nā kūlana ʻEulopa i ka hoʻohuihui kaulike e hōʻoia i nā waiwai piha ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana.

3. Hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā ʻano mīkini

Hōʻike nā mea ʻelua i ka ikaika hua o 355 MPa, akā ʻokoʻa nā waiwai ʻē aʻe:

Paʻakikī o ka hopena: Pono ka papa "D" o Q355D i ka ikehu hopena o ≥34 J ma -20°C, e kūpono ai no nā wahi haʻahaʻa. ʻAʻole kuhikuhi pinepine ʻo E355N i nā waiwai hopena haʻahaʻa, akā hāʻawi ka normalization i ka paʻakikī ambient maikaʻi.

Ikaika Uhi: ʻO ka Q355D maʻamau mai 470-630 MPa, ʻoiai ʻo E355N maʻamau he 490-630 MPa, me kahi pae i ʻoi aku ka nui no ka mea hope.

Kūlana Hoʻouna: Hoʻouna pinepine ʻia ʻo Q355D i nā kūlana ʻōwili wela a i ʻole nā ​​​​kūlana maʻamau; Hoʻolako pololei ʻia ʻo E355N i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, e hōʻoia ana i kahi ʻano like e kūpono no ka hana hou aku.

4. Nā Kahua Noi

Q355D: Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā hale kūkulu, nā alahaka, ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa, a me nā noi ʻē aʻe ma Kina a me nā mākeke honua, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā ʻāpana i kau ʻia i nā ukana hoʻoikaika i nā wahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

E355N: Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻenekinia mechanical a me nā ʻāpana kūkulu ma lalo o nā kūlana ʻEulopa, e like me nā huahana paipu seamless kiʻekiʻe e like me nā cylinders hydraulic a me nā lima e hali ana, e hoʻoikaika ana i ka machinability a me ke kūpaʻa.

5. Nā Manaʻo Koho

Makemake ʻia ʻo Q355D i ka wā: Pono nā papahana i ka paʻakikī haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hōʻoia ʻia; pono ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana Kina a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻōnaehana kūlike me GB.

Makemake ʻia ʻo E355N i ka wā: Ke kuhikuhi nei i nā mākeke ʻEulopa a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea kūʻai aku e koi ana i nā kūlana EN; koi nā ʻāpana i nā kūlana maʻamau e hōʻoia i ka machinability.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻoiai ʻo Q355D a me EN 10297 E355N he like ka ikaika, ua puka mai lākou mai nā ʻōnaehana maʻamau like ʻole a hoʻokūpaʻa i nā ʻano hana like ʻole. Pono nā mea hoʻohana e noʻonoʻo i nā kūlana papahana, nā kūlana o ke kaiapuni, a me nā koi hana i ke koho ʻana ma waena o lākou. He mea kūpono ke kūkākūkā me nā loea mea e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana.