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ʻO nā paipu mīkini kila kalapona a me nā mea hoʻohuihui

Nā paipu mīkini kila kalapona a me nā mea hoʻohuihui i hōʻike ʻia Kiʻi i hōʻike ʻia
  • ʻO nā paipu mīkini kila kalapona a me nā mea hoʻohuihui
  • ʻO nā paipu mīkini kila kalapona a me nā mea hoʻohuihui
  • ʻO nā paipu mīkini kila kalapona a me nā mea hoʻohuihui

Wehewehe Pōkole:

ʻO nā paipu kila humuhumu ʻole, ka paipu kila kalapona a me nā paipu mīkini metala, ʻo ia hoʻi no ka mīkini i lokoASTM A519-2006ʻO nā paipu mīkini maʻamau, me nā mea like ʻole

1018,1026,8620,4130,4140 a pēlā aku.


  • Uku:30% waiho, 70% L/C a i ʻole B/L kope a i ʻole 100% L/C i ka ʻike ʻana
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  • Ka hiki ke hoʻolako:Ka Papa Hana Makahiki 20000 Tons o ka Paipu Kila
  • Ka manawa o waena o ka hoʻomaka a i ka wā pau:7-14 mau lā inā ma ka waihona, 30-45 mau lā e hana ai
  • Hoʻopili ʻana:ʻEleʻele Nalowale, bevel a me ka pāpale no kēlā me kēia paipu; Pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka OD ma lalo o 219mm i loko o ka pūʻolo, a ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o kēlā me kēia pūʻolo ma mua o 2 tons.
    • Hoʻoiho ma ke ʻano he PDF

    Nā kikoʻī huahana

    Nā Lepili Huahana

    ʻIke laulā

    Kūlana:ASTM A519-2006 Alloy a i ʻole ʻaʻole: Alloy a i ʻole Carbon
    Pūʻulu Papa: 1018,1026,8620,4130,4140 Noi: Paipu mīkini
    Mānoanoa: 1 - 100 mm Ka Lapaʻau ʻIli: E like me ke koi a ka mea kūʻai aku
    Anawaena Waho (Poepoe): 10 - 1000 mm ʻAno hana: Wela ʻōwili a anu ʻōwili paha
    Lōʻihi: Loa paʻa a lōʻihi paha Ka mālama wela: Hoʻoheheʻe/Hoʻomaʻamaʻa/Hoʻomaha i ke kaumaha
    ʻĀpana ʻAno: Poepoe Paipu Kūikawā: Paipu Paia Mānoanoa
    Kahi i hoʻomaka ai: Kina Hoʻohana: mīkini
    Palapala hōʻoia: ISO9001:2008 Hoʻāʻo: ECT/UT

    Noi

    Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ka mīkini a hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā cylinders kinoea. Hoʻokomo i ke kalapona a me ke kila kila kila seamless mechanical tubing, a uhi i nā paipu mīkini seamless wela-hoʻopau a me nā paipu mīkini seamless anu-hoʻopau i nā nui a hiki i ka 12 3/4 in. (323.8 mm) ke anawaena waho no nā paipu poepoe me nā mānoanoa o ka paia e like me ka mea e pono ai.

    Papa Nui

    1018,1026,8620,4130,4140

    ʻĀpana Kemika

    PAPA 1 Nā Pono Kemika o nā Kila Kalapona Haʻahaʻa

    Papa Nā Palena Hoʻohui Kemika, %
    Hoʻonohonoho ʻana KalaponaA ManganeseB Phosphorus,B Sulfur,B
          ka nui loa ka nui loa
    MT X 1015 0.10–0.20 0.60–0.90 0.04 0.05
    MT 1010 0.05–0.15 0.30–0.60 0.04 0.05
    MT 1015 0.10–0.20 0.30–0.60 0.04 0.05
    MT 1020 0.15–0.25 0.30–0.60 0.04 0.05
    MT X 1020 0.15–0.25 0.70–1.00 0.04 0.05


    PAPA 2 Nā Pono Kemika o nā Kila Kalapona ʻē aʻe    BPili nā palena i ka loiloi wela; koe wale nō e like me ke koi ʻia e 6.1, pili nā loiloi huahana i nā ʻae ʻia hou i hāʻawi ʻia ma ka Papa 5.

    Papa   Nā Palena Hoʻohui Kemika, %A  
    Hoʻonohonoho ʻana        
    Kalapona Manganese ʻO ka phosphorus, Sulfur,
          ka nui loa ka nui loa
    1008 0.10 kiʻekiʻe loa 0.30–0.50 0.04 0.05
    1010 0.08–0.13 0.30–0.60 0.04 0.05
    1012 0.10–0.15 0.30–0.60 0.04 0.05
    1015 0.13–0.18 0.30–0.60 0.04 0.05
    1016 0.13–0.18 0.60–0.90 0.04 0.05
    1017 0.15–0.20 0.30–0.60 0.04 0.05
    1018 0.15–0.20 0.60–0.90 0.04 0.05
    1019 0.15–0.20 0.70–1.00 0.04 0.05
    1020 0.18–0.23 0.30–0.60 0.04 0.05
    1021 0.18–0.23 0.60–0.90 0.04 0.05
    1022 0.18–0.23 0.70–1.00 0.04 0.05
    1025 0.22–0.28 0.30–0.60 0.04 0.05
    1026 0.22–0.28 0.60–0.90 0.04 0.05
    1030 0.28–0.34 0.60–0.90 0.04 0.05
    1035 0.32–0.38 0.60–0.90 0.04 0.05
    1040 0.37–0.44 0.60–0.90 0.04 0.05
    1045 0.43–0.50 0.60–0.90 0.04 0.05
    1050 0.48–0.55 0.60–0.90 0.04 0.05
    1518 0.15–0.21 1.10–1.40 0.04 0.05
    1524 0.19–0.25 1.35–1.65 0.04 0.05
    1541 0.36–0.44 1.35–1.65 0.04 0.05

    Pili nā pae a me nā palena i hāʻawi ʻia ma kēia papa i ka loiloi wela; koe wale nō ke koi ʻia e6.1, pili nā loiloi huahana i nā hoʻomanawanui hou e pili ana i hāʻawi ʻia ma ka Papa Helu 5.

    PAPA 3 Nā Pono Kemika no nā Kila Alloy
    HOʻOMANAʻO 1—Pili nā pae a me nā palena ma kēia papa i ke kila ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 200 in.2 (1290 cm2) ma ka ʻāpana ʻāpana.
    HOʻOMANAʻO 2—Loaʻa nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o kekahi mau mea i loko o nā kila hao i kuhikuhi ʻole ʻia a koi ʻia paha. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia mau mea he mea pili wale nō
    a hiki ke loaʻa i nā nui kiʻekiʻe loa penei: keleawe, 0.35%; nikela, 0.25%; chromium, 0.20%; molybdenum, 0.10%.
    HOʻOMANAʻO 3—Pili nā pae a me nā palena i hāʻawi ʻia ma kēia papa i ka loiloi wela; koe wale nō ke koi ʻia e 6.1, pili nā loiloi huahana i nā mea pili
    nā hoʻomanawanui hou aʻe i hāʻawi ʻia ma ka Papa Helu 5.

     

    PapaA,B       Nā Palena Hoʻohui Kemika, %        
    Hoʻolālā-                
    Kalapona Manganese Phospho- Sulfur,C,D Silika Nikala Chromium Molybde-
    ʻōnaehana              
        ʻūlū,Cka nui loa ka nui loa       helu
                   
    1330 0.28–0.33 1.60–1.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... ...
    1335 0.33–0.38 1.60–1.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... ...
    1340 0.38–0.43 1.60–1.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... ...
    1345 0.43–0.48 1.60–1.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... ...
    3140 0.38–0.43 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 1.10–1.40 0.55–0.75 ...
    E3310 0.08–0.13 0.45–0.60 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 3.25–3.75 1.40–1.75 ...
    4012 0.09–0.14 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.15–0.25
    4023 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
    4024 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.035−0.050 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
    4027 0.25–0.30 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
    4028 0.25–0.30 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.035−0.050 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
    4037 0.35–0.40 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
    4042 0.40–0.45 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
    4047 0.45–0.50 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
    4063 0.60–0.67 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
    4118 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 0.08–0.15
    4130 0.28–0.33 0.40–0.60 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
    4135 0.32–0.39 0.65–0.95 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
    4137 0.35–0.40 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
    4140 0.38–0.43 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
    4142 0.40–0.45 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
    4145 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
    4147 0.45–0.50 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
    4150 0.48–0.53 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
    4320 0.17–0.22 0.45–0.65 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 0.40–0.60 0.20–0.30
    4337 0.35–0.40 0.60–0.80 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 0.70–0.90 0.20–0.30
    E4337 0.35–0.40 0.65–0.85 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 0.70–0.90 0.20–0.30
    4340 0.38–0.43 0.60–0.80 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 0.70–0.90 0.20–0.30
    E4340 0.38–0.43 0.65–0.85 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 0.70–0.90 0.20–0.30
    4422 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.35–0.45
    4427 0.24–0.29 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.35–0.45
    4520 0.18–0.23 0.45–0.65 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.45–0.60
    4615 0.13–0.18 0.45–0.65 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 ... 0.20–0.30
    4617 0.15–0.20 0.45–0.65 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 ... 0.20–0.30
    4620 0.17–0.22 0.45–0.65 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 ... 0.20–0.30
    4621 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 ... 0.20–0.30
    4718 0.16–0.21 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.90–1.20 0.35–0.55 0.30–0.40
    4720 0.17–0.22 0.50–0.70 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.90–1.20 0.35–0.55 0.15–0.25
    4815 0.13–0.18 0.40–0.60 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 3.25–3.75 ... 0.20–0.30
    4817 0.15–0.20 0.40–0.60 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 3.25–3.75 ... 0.20–0.30
    4820 0.18–0.23 0.50–0.70 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 3.25–3.75 ... 0.20–0.30
    5015 0.12–0.17 0.30–0.50 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.30–0.50 ...
    5046 0.43–0.50 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.20–0.35 ...
    5115 0.13–0.18 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
    5120 0.17–0.22 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
    5130 0.28–0.33 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 ...
    5132 0.30–0.35 0.60–0.80 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.75–1.00 ...
    5135 0.33–0.38 0.60–0.80 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.05 ...
    5140 0.38–0.43 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
    5145 0.43–0.48 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
    5147 0.46–0.51 0.70–0.95 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.85–1.15 ...
    5150 0.48–0.53 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
    5155 0.51–0.59 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
    5160 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
    52100E 0.93–1.05 0.25–0.45 0.025 0.015 0.15–0.35 0.25 ka nui loa 1.35–1.60 0.10 kiʻekiʻe loa
    E50100 0.98–1.10 0.25–0.45 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 ...
    E51100 0.98–1.10 0.25–0.45 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 ... 0.90–1.15 ...
    E52100 0.98–1.10 0.25–0.45 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 ... 1.30–1.60 ...
                    Vanadium
                     
    6118 0.16–0.21 0.50–0.70 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.50–0.70 0.10–0.15
    6120 0.17–0.22 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 0.10 minuke
    6150 0.48–0.53 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15 minuke
                     
                Alumini   Molibdenum
                     
    E7140 0.38–0.43 0.50–0.70 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.40 0.95–1.30 1.40–1.80 0.30–0.40
                     
                Nikala    
                     
    8115 0.13–0.18 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.20–0.40 0.30–0.50 0.08–0.15
    8615 0.13–0.18 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8617 0.15–0.20 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8620 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8622 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8625 0.23–0.28 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8627 0.25–0.30 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8630 0.28–0.33 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8637 0.35–0.40 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8640 0.38–0.43 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8642 0.40–0.45 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8645 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8650 0.48–0.53 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8655 0.51–0.59 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8660 0.55–0.65 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    8720 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.20–0.30
    8735 0.33–0.38 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.20–0.30
    8740 0.38–0.43 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.20–0.30
    8742 0.40–0.45 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.20–0.30
    8822 0.20–0.25 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.30–0.40
    9255 0.51–0.59 0.60–0.80 0.04 0.04 1.80–2.20 ... 0.60–0.80 ...
    9260 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 1.80–2.20 ... ... ...
    9262 0.55–0.65 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 1.80–2.20 ... 0.25–0.40 ...
    E9310 0.08–0.13 0.45–0.65 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 3.00–3.50 1.00–1.40 0.08–0.15
    9840 0.38–0.42 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.85–1.15 0.70–0.90 0.20–0.30
    9850 0.48–0.53 0.70–0.90 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.85–1.15 0.70–0.90 0.20–0.30
    50B40 0.38–0.42 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 ...
    50B44 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 ...
    50B46 0.43–0.50 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.20–0.35 ...
    50B50 0.48–0.53 0.74–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 ...
    50B60 0.55–0.65 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 ...
    51B60 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
    81B45 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.20–0.40 0.35–0.55 0.08–0.15
    86B45 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
    94B15 0.13–0.18 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.50 0.08–0.15
    94B17 0.15–0.20 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.50 0.08–0.15
    94B30 0.28–0.33 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.50 0.08–0.15
    94B40 0.38–0.43 0.75–1.00 0.04 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.50 0.08–0.15
                     

    B ʻO nā māka i hōʻike ʻia ma kēia papa me ka leka B, e like me 50B40, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he 0.0005% ka palena iki o ka kaohi boron. AʻO nā māka i hōʻike ʻia ma kēia papa me ka leka mua E i hana ʻia ma ke ʻano maʻamau e ke kaʻina hana umu uila kumu. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe a pau i hana ʻia maʻamau e ke kaʻina hana umu wehe kumu akā hiki ke hana ʻia e ke kaʻina hana umu uila kumu me nā hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka phosphorus a me ka sulfur.

     

    CʻO nā palena phosphorus sulfur no kēlā me kēia kaʻina hana penei:

    Umu uila kumu 0.025 max % Umu uila waikawa 0.050 max %

    Kapuahi hāmama maʻamau 0.040 max % Kapuahi hāmama ʻakika 0.050 max %

    D Hōʻike ka palena iki a me ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka sulfur i nā kila i hoʻoulu hou ʻia.

    EHiki i ka mea kūʻai ke kuhikuhi i ka nui loa e hiki mai ana: keleawe, 0.30%; aluminika, 0.050%; a me ka oxygen, 0.0015%.

     

    Waiwai Mīkini

    Nā Waiwai Tensile Maʻamau, Paʻakikī a me ke Kūlana Thermal no kekahi o nā Papa Maʻamau o nā Kalapona a me nā Kila Alloy

     

    CW—Hana Anu SR—Hoʻomaha ʻia ke kaumaha A—Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia N—NormalizedA Eia nā wehewehe hōʻailona no nā kūlana like ʻole: HR—Wela ʻōwili

    Papa Kūlana- Hope Loa Hua Hoʻolōʻihi Rockwell,
    Hoʻolālā- ʻōnaehanaA Ikaika, Ikaika, i loko o 2 ʻīniha a i ʻole Paʻakikī
    lāhui           50 mm, % Pākuʻi B
      ksi MPa ksi MPa
         
                 
    1020 HR 50 345 32 221 25 55
    CW 70 483 60 414 5 75
    SR 65 448 50 345 10 72
    A 48 331 28 193 30 50
    N 55 379 34 234 22 60
    1025 HR 55 379 35 241 25 60
    CW 75 517 65 448 5 80
    SR 70 483 55 379 8 75
    A 53 365 30 207 25 57
    N 55 379 36 248 22 60
    1035 HR 65 448 40 276 20 72
    CW 85 586 75 517 5 88
    SR 75 517 65 448 8 80
    A 60 414 33 228 25 67
    N 65 448 40 276 20 72
    1045 HR 75 517 45 310 15 80
    CW 90 621 80 552 5 90
    SR 80 552 70 483 8 85
    A 65 448 35 241 20 72
    N 75 517 48 331 15 80
    1050 HR 80 552 50 345 10 85
    SR 82 565 70 483 6 86
    A 68 469 38 262 18 74
    N 78 538 50 345 12 82
    1118 HR 50 345 35 241 25 55
    CW 75 517 60 414 5 80
    SR 70 483 55 379 8 75
    A 50 345 30 207 25 55
    N 55 379 35 241 20 60
    1137 HR 70 483 40 276 20 75
    CW 80 552 65 448 5 85
    SR 75 517 60 414 8 80
    A 65 448 35 241 22 72
    N 70 483 43 296 15 75
    4130 HR 90 621 70 483 20 89
    SR 105 724 85 586 10 95
    A 75 517 55 379 30 81
    N 90 621 60 414 20 89
    4140 HR 120 855 90 621 15 100
    SR 120 855 100 689 10 100
    A 80 552 60 414 25 85
    N 120 855 90 621 20 100

    d

    Hoʻomanawanui

    Nā hoʻomanawanui o waho o ke anawaena no ka Tubing Poepoe Wela-HoʻopauA,B,C

     

    Ka laulā nui o ke anawaena o waho, Ka hoʻomanawanui o ke anawaena o waho, ʻīniha (mm)
    ʻīniha (mm) Ma luna Ma lalo o
    A hiki i ka 2.999 (76.17) 0.020 (0.51) 0.020 (0.51)
    3.000–4.499 (76.20–114.27) 0.025 (0.64) 0.025 (0.64)
    4.500–5.999 (114.30–152.37) 0.031 (0.79) 0.031 (0.79)
    6.000–7.499 (152.40–190.47) 0.037 (0.94) 0.037 (0.94)
    7.500–8.999 (190.50–228.57) 0.045 (1.14) 0.045 (1.14)
    9.000–10.750 (228.60–273.05) 0.050 (1.27) 0.050 (1.27)

     

    ʻAʻole pili nā hoʻomanawanui anawaena A i nā kūlana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia a hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia a i ʻole i hoʻopau ʻia a hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia.

    ʻO ka laulā maʻamau o nā nui o nā paipu wela i hoʻopau ʻia he 11⁄2 ʻīniha (38.1 mm) a i 103⁄4 ​​ʻīniha (273.0 mm) ke anawaena o waho me ka mānoanoa o ka paia ma ka liʻiliʻi he 3% a ʻoi aku paha o ke anawaena o waho, akā ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 0.095 ʻīniha (2.41 mm).

    Loaʻa nā nui nui aʻe; e nīnau i ka mea hana no nā nui a me nā hoʻomanawanui.

     

    Nā hoʻomanawanui mānoanoa o ka paia no ka poepoe wela-pau

    Paipu

    Mānoanoa o ka paia

    Ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana o ka mānoanoa o ka paia,Apakeneka Ma luna
    Paepae ma ke ʻano he Pakeneka

    a ma lalo o ka inoa
    o waho

    Ma waho

    Ma waho

    Ma waho
    Anawaena

    Anawaena

    Anawaena

    Anawaena

    2.999 ʻīniha.

    3.000 ʻīniha.

    6.000 ʻīniha.

    (76.19 mm)

    (76.20 mm)

    (152.40 mm)

    a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi

    a i 5.999 ʻīniha.

    a i 10.750 ʻīniha.

    (152.37 mm)

    (273.05 mm)
    Ma lalo o 15

    12.5

    10.0

    10.0
    15 a ʻoi aku

    10.0

    7.5

    10.0
    ʻAʻole paha e pili nā ʻae ʻana i ka mānoanoa o ka pā i nā pā he 0.199 ʻīniha (5.05 mm) a emi mai; e nīnau i ka mea hana no nā ʻae ʻana i ka pā ma ia mau nui paipu.
    he ana ʻoi aku ka nui, a laila pono e kuhikuhi ʻia nā paipu hana anu i ke anawaena o loko a me ka mānoanoa o ka paia a i ʻole ke anawaena o waho a me ke anawaena o loko.
    ʻO ka Paipu Mekanika i Huli ʻOle ʻia—ʻAʻole e ʻoi aku ka ʻokoʻa o ke anawaena o waho a me ka mānoanoa o ka paia ma mua o ka hoʻomanawanui ma ka Papa. Uhi ka Papa i nā hoʻomanawanui e like me ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia i ke anawaena o waho a me ka mānoanoa o ka paia a pili i ka nui i kuhikuhi ʻia.
    Paipu Mekanika Honua—ʻAʻole e ʻoi aku ka ʻokoʻa o ke anawaena o waho ma mua o nā ʻae ʻia ma ka Papa. Hana maʻamau ʻia kēia huahana mai kahi paipu i hana anu ʻia.
    Nā Lōʻihi—Hoʻolako pinepine ʻia nā paipu mīkini i nā lōʻihi wili, 5 kapuaʻi (1.5 m) a ʻoi aku. Hoʻolako ʻia nā lōʻihi ʻoki paʻa ke kuhikuhi ʻia e ka mea kūʻai. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻae ʻana i ka lōʻihi ma ka Papa.
    Pololei—ʻAʻole e ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hoʻomanawanui pololei no nā paipu poepoe humuhumu ʻole ma mua o ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Papa.

     

    Koi Hoʻāʻo

    1. Hoʻāʻo Paʻakikī
    Ke koi ʻia nā palena paʻakikī, pono e kūkākūkā me ka mea hana. Aia nā paʻakikī maʻamau i helu ʻia ma ka Papa. Ke kuhikuhi ʻia, pono e hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo paʻakikī ma ka 1% o nā paipu.

    2. Nā Hoʻāʻo Hoʻoluhi
    Ke koi ʻia nā waiwai tensile, pono e kūkākūkā ʻia me ka mea hana. Aia nā waiwai tensile maʻamau no kekahi o nā papa maʻamau a me nā kūlana wela i helu ʻia ma ka papa.

    3. Nā hoʻāʻo ʻino ʻole
    Loaʻa nā ʻano hoʻāʻo ultrasonic a i ʻole electromagnetic ʻole e luku. Pono e hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻāʻo e hoʻohana ʻia a me nā palena nānā e ka ʻaelike mea hana a me ka mea kūʻai.

    4. Hoʻāʻo Flaring
    I ka wā e loaʻa ai nā koi kūikawā no ka maʻemaʻe o ke kila, e hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻano hoʻāʻo a me nā palena o ka ʻae ʻia e ka ʻaelike a ka mea hana a me ka mea kūʻai mai.

    Nā kikoʻī huahana

    Nā Paipu Mekanika/Kemika a me ka Mea Hoʻomomona

    GB/T8162-2008

    ASTM A519-2006

    BS EN 10210-1-2006

    ASTM A53/A53M-2012

    GB9948-2006

    GB6479-2013

    GB/T 17396-2009

  • Ma mua:
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    E kaomi iā enter e huli a i ʻole ESC e pani