Pankhani ya zipangizo zachitsulo, machitidwe osiyanasiyana ofanana ndi ofanana ndi magiredi osiyanasiyana komanso zofunikira pakugwira ntchito. Q355D ndi EN 10297 E355N ndi zitsulo ziwiri zodziwika bwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga makina, nyumba, ndi zida zaukadaulo. Ngakhale kuti zimafanana mu kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi mphamvu, zimachokera ku machitidwe osiyanasiyana ofanana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwa zofunikira zaukadaulo, ma scope ogwiritsira ntchito, ndi tsatanetsatane wa magwiridwe antchito. Nkhaniyi ikuyerekeza zinthu ziwirizi mwadongosolo kuti zithandize ogwiritsa ntchito kusankha mwanzeru kutengera zosowa zenizeni.

1. Machitidwe Okhazikika ndi Matanthauzo a Giredi

Q355D: Giredi iyi ndi ya muyezo wa dziko la China (GB/T 1591-2018) wa zitsulo zolimba kwambiri zomangidwa ndi zitsulo zochepa. "Q" imasonyeza mphamvu yokolola, "355" imasonyeza mphamvu yokolola yocheperako ya 355 MPa, ndipo "D" imasonyeza giredi yabwino, kusonyeza kulimba kwa mphamvu pa -20°C.

EN 10297 E355N: Giredi iyi ndi gawo la muyezo wa ku Europe (EN 10297-1:2003) wa machubu achitsulo chosasunthika okhala ndi magawo ozungulira kapena osazungulira. "E355" amatanthauza mphamvu yocheperako ya 355 MPa, ndipo "N" imasonyeza kutumiza mu mkhalidwe wabwinobwino, kuonetsetsa kuti kapangidwe kake ndi kakhalidwe kake ndi kofanana kudzera mu chithandizo chowongolera.

2. Kuyerekeza kwa Mankhwala

Zitsulo zonsezi zimakhala ndi kaboni (C), silicon (Si), ndi manganese (Mn), ndipo zinthu zosakaniza zimawonjezeredwa kuti ziwonjezere mphamvu ndi kulimba. Ponseponse, mitundu yawo ya kapangidwe kake ndi yofanana, koma malire ake amasiyana pang'ono:

Q355D: Ili ndi mpweya wochepa (nthawi zambiri ≤0.18%) komanso kuwongolera mosamalitsa zinyalala za sulfure (S) ndi phosphorous (P) kuti ziwongolere kusinthasintha komanso kulimba pang'ono. Zinthu zosakaniza monga chromium (Cr) ndi nickel (Ni) ndizochepa.

E355N: Ikhoza kukhala ndi mpweya wochuluka pang'ono (nthawi zambiri ≤0.20%) ndipo ikhoza kukhala ndi zinthu zochepa monga mkuwa (Cu). Miyezo ya ku Europe imagogomezera kapangidwe koyenera kuti zitsimikizire kuti zinthu zonse zimakhala bwino pambuyo pokhazikika.

3. Kuyerekeza kwa Katundu wa Makina

Zonsezi zimakhala ndi mphamvu yotulutsa ya 355 MPa, koma zinthu zina zimasiyana:

Kulimba kwa Impact: Giredi ya Q355D ya "D" imafuna mphamvu ya impact ya ≥34 J pa -20°C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera malo otentha kwambiri. E355N nthawi zambiri sitchula kuchuluka kwa impact komwe kumatentha kwambiri, koma kukhazikika bwino kumapereka kulimba kwabwino kwa mlengalenga.

Mphamvu Yokoka: Q355D nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 470-630 MPa, pomwe E355N nthawi zambiri imakhala 490-630 MPa, yokhala ndi malo ochulukirapo kuposa ena.

Mkhalidwe Wotumizira: Q355D nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa mu mikhalidwe yotenthedwa kapena yokhazikika; E355N imaperekedwa momveka bwino ngati yokhazikika, kuonetsetsa kuti kapangidwe kake ndi kofanana koyenera kukonzedwanso kwina.

4. Minda Yogwiritsira Ntchito

Q355D: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga nyumba, milatho, kupanga magalimoto, ndi ntchito zina ku China ndi misika yapadziko lonse, makamaka pazinthu zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi katundu wosinthasintha m'malo otentha kwambiri.

E355N: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu uinjiniya wamakina ndi zida zomangira motsatira miyezo ya ku Europe, monga zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zamachubu osasunthika monga masilinda a hydraulic ndi manja onyamula, zomwe zimagogomezera kuthekera kwa makina ndi kukhazikika.

5. Malangizo Osankha

Mumakonda Q355D pamene: Mapulojekiti akufuna kulimba kotsimikizika ndi kutentha kochepa; kutsatira miyezo yaku China kapena machitidwe ogwirizana ndi GB ndikofunikira.

Mumakonda E355N pamene: Mukuyang'ana misika yaku Europe kapena makasitomala omwe akufuna miyezo ya EN; zigawo zimafuna mikhalidwe yokhazikika kuti zitsimikizire kuti makinawo ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Mwachidule, ngakhale kuti Q355D ndi EN 10297 E355N ndi ofanana mu kalasi ya mphamvu, zimachokera ku machitidwe osiyanasiyana ndipo zimagogomezera makhalidwe osiyana a ntchito. Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuganizira miyezo ya polojekiti, momwe chilengedwe chilili, ndi zofunikira pakukonza zinthu posankha pakati pawo. Akatswiri opereka upangiri ndi ofunikira kuti atsimikizire kuti akutsatira malamulo ndi kukonza bwino.