Mu gawo la mapaipi achitsulo cha kaboni, ASTM A500 Giredi C ndiASTM A106 Giredi Cndi miyezo iwiri ya zinthu zomwe zimatchulidwa kawirikawiri. Ngakhale kuti zonsezi ndi zitsulo za kaboni ndipo zimagawana dzina la "Giredi C", ndizosiyana kwambiri mu filosofi ya kapangidwe, njira zopangira, ndi zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito. Nkhaniyi ikupereka kufananiza mwatsatanetsatane kuchokera ku miyeso yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo matanthauzidwe wamba, kapangidwe ka mankhwala, mawonekedwe a makina, mawonekedwe a miyeso, ndi malo ogwirira ntchito.

1. Tanthauzo Lokhazikika ndi Ntchito Zoyambira

ASTM A500 - mutu wonseMafotokozedwe Abwino a Machubu Opangidwa ndi Chitsulo cha Carbon Chozizira Chokhala ndi Wofewa komanso Chopanda Msoko mu Zozungulira ndi MawonekedweMonga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, iyi ndi muyezo wa mapaipi opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka komanso chopanda msoko wa kaboni. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pomanga mafelemu, milatho, ndi nyumba zina zolumikizirana zolumikizidwa, zokhotakhota, kapena zomangiriridwa ndi maboliti. ASTM A500 imaphimba magiredi A, B, C, ndi D, ndipo Giredi C ndiye giredi yamphamvu kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

ASTM A106 - mutu wonseMafotokozedwe Okhazikika a Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha Kaboni Chopanda Seamless cha Utumiki Wotentha Kwambiri. Iyi ndi muyezo wa chitoliro chopanikizika kutentha kwambiri, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha pamapaipi achitsulo cha kaboni chopanda msoko, omwe adapangidwira makamaka kutumiza nthunzi, madzi, ndi zinthu zina pansi pa kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika kwambiri. ASTM A106 imakhudza magiredi A, B, ndi C, ndipo Giredi C ndiye giredi yamphamvu kwambiri.

Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa chiganizo chimodzi: A500 Giredi C ndi chubu chonyamula katundu; A106 Giredi C ndi chitoliro chokakamiza chonyamulira madzi.

2. Njira Yopangira ndi Mafomu a Zogulitsa

Miyezo iwiriyi imasiyana kwambiri mu njira zopangira ndi mawonekedwe omwe alipo:

Kuthekera kwa A500 kuphimba magawo a sikweya, amakona anayi, ndi ena osazungulira ndi chiwonetsero chachindunji cha kukula kwake - "mu Zozungulira ndi Maonekedwe" - zomwe A106 ilibe.

3. Magawo Osiyanasiyana

ASTM A500 Giredi C: Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa machubu okhala ndi mphepete mwa khoma osapitirira 2235 mm (88 in.) ndi makulidwe a khoma osapitirira 25.4 mm (1 in.). Kukula kwa chubu chofanana cha sikweya kumatha kufika 22 in. × 22 in. Kulekerera makulidwe a khoma: makulidwe ocheperako a khoma omwe amayesedwa sayenera kuchepera 90% ya makulidwe a khoma omwe atchulidwa.

ASTM A106 Giredi C: Imagwira ntchito pa mapaipi osalumikizana okhala ndi kukula kwa mapaipi odziwika bwino NPS ⅛ kudzera mu NPS 48 (DN 6 mpaka DN 1200), okhala ndi makulidwe a makoma malinga ndi ASME B36.10M (ndandanda 10 mpaka 160, XXH, ndi zina zotero). Kulekerera makulidwe a makoma: makulidwe a makoma osachepera omwe amayesedwa sayenera kuchepera 87.5% ya makulidwe a makoma omwe atchulidwa.

4. Kuyerekeza kwa Mankhwala

Kusiyana kwa kapangidwe ka mankhwala kumasonyeza zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pakugwira ntchito. A106 Giredi C imafuna silicon (Si ≥ 0.10%) kuti iwonjezere kukana kutentha ndi kukana okosijeni, pomwe A500 Giredi C ilibe kufunika kwa silicon. A106 imaikanso malire okhwima pa zinthu zodetsa monga phosphorous ndi sulfure kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika pansi pa ntchito yotentha kwambiri komanso yopanikizika kwambiri.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, kuchuluka kwa mpweya mu A500 Giredi C (0.27%) ndi kochepa kuposa kwa A106 Giredi C (0.35%), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti A500 Giredi C ikhale yolimba komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ming'alu panthawi yowotcherera.

5. Kuyerekeza kwa Katundu wa Makina

Zolinga za mphamvu zimasiyana: A500 Giredi C ili ndi mphamvu yochuluka yokolola, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera bwino polimbana ndi kusintha kosatha kwa ziwalo za kapangidwe kake, pomwe A106 Giredi C ili ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka yogwira ntchito, zomwe zimasonyeza kuthekera kwake kupirira kupsinjika kwamkati ndikuletsa kuphulika.

A106 Giredi C imapereka mphamvu yogwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kupindika, kupukutira, ndi ntchito zina zopangira mapaipi. Koma A500 Giredi C imapeza mphamvu zake zambiri kudzera mu kuuma kwa ntchito panthawi yopanga zinthu zozizira.

6. Malo Oyenera ndi Ma Code Oyendetsera Ntchito

Miyezo iwiriyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana ndipo imatsatira malamulo osiyanasiyana opangira:

7. Malangizo Osankha

Posankha zinthu zogwirira ntchito zauinjiniya, mfundo zotsatirazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito:

1. Kapangidwe kake: Ngati chojambulacho chikufunikira mapaipi ozungulira, amakona anayi, kapena owoneka ngati apadera, sankhani ASTM A500 Giredi C - A106 sipanga mawonekedwe awa konse.
2. Pa machubu ozungulira, ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito: Ngati ndi mzati womangidwa, cholumikizira chopingasa, kapena chiwalo cha truss chomwe chikuvutika ndi katundu wamphepo, katundu wakufa, kapena mphamvu zina zakunja → sankhani ASTM A500 Giredi C. Ngati ndi chipangizo cholumikizira chitoliro choyendetsera, chonyamula nthunzi kapena madzi a hydrocarbon pansi pa kuthamanga kwamkati ndi kutentha kwakukulu → sankhani ASTM A106 Giredi C.
3. Kutentha: Pazigawo za kapangidwe ka kutentha kozungulira, sankhani A500 Giredi C; pa mapaipi omwe azigwira ntchito mosalekeza pa kutentha kokwera (≥350°C), sankhani A106 Giredi C.

Mwachidule: ponyamula katundu wopangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake, gwiritsani ntchito A500 Giredi C; ponyamula madzi otentha kwambiri, gwiritsani ntchito A106 Giredi C. Zonsezi sizingasinthidwe muukadaulo.