Saina u'amea kaponi ma paipa fa'ainisinia 'apamemea e leai se fa'aogaina ma le gaosi oloa

Paipa fa'amekanika u'amea kaponi ma paipa fa'a'au'au

Fa'amatalaga Pupuu:

Paipa u'amea e leai ni so'oga, paipa u'amea kaponi ma paipa fa'ainisinia u'amea, e masani lava mo fa'ainisiniaASTM A519-2006O paipa fa'amekanika masani, u'amea e aofia ai

1018,1026,8620,4130,4140 ma isi.

Totogi:30% tupe teu, 70% L/C po'o le kopi B/L po'o le 100% L/C i le taimi e va'ai ai

Aofa'i o Poloaiga Maualalo:Tasi le koneteina pe 25 tone

Malosiaga o le Sapalai:Lisi Fa'aletausaga e 20000 Tone o Paipa U'amea

Taimi muamua:7-14 aso pe afai o loʻo iai i le faleoloa, 30-45 aso e gaosia ai

Afifiina:O le Black Vanishing, bevel ma le tapuni mo paipa taʻitasi; OD i lalo ole 219mm e manaʻomia ona faʻaputu i le fusi, ma e le sili atu i le 2 tone le fusi taʻitasi.

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Fa'amatalaga o le oloa

Fa'ailoga o Oloa

Aotelega

Tulaga Fa'atonu:ASTM A519-2006	U'amea Fa'atasi pe Leai: U'amea Fa'atasi pe Carbon
Vaega o Vasega: 1018,1026,8620,4130,4140	Fa'aoga: Paipa fa'amekanika
Mafiafia: 1 - 100 mm	Togafitiga o Luga: E pei ona manaʻomia e le tagata faʻatau
Lapo'a i Fafo (Lapotopoto): 10 - 1000 mm	Auala: Ta'ai vevela pe ta'ai malulu
Umi: Umi tumau pe umi fa'afuase'i	Togafitiga i le vevela: Fa'amālūlūina/Fa'alenatura/Fa'aitiitia le atuatuvale
Foliga o le Vaega: Lapotopoto	Paipa Faapitoa: Paipa Puipui Mafiafi
Nofoaga na Amataga ai: Saina	Fa'aaogaina: masini
Tusipasi: ISO9001:2008	Su'ega: ECT/UT

Talosaga

E fa'aaogaina tele mo masini ma fa'aaogaina e fai ai tane kesi. E aofia ai paipa masini e leai ni so'oga o le kaponi ma le u'amea u'amea, ma e aofia ai paipa masini e leai ni so'oga o le vevela ma paipa masini e leai ni so'oga o le malulu i lapopo'a e o'o atu i le 12 3/4 inisi (323.8 mm) le lautele i fafo mo paipa lapotopoto ma mafiafia o puipui e pei ona mana'omia.

Vasega Autū

1018,1026,8620,4130,4140

Vaega Fa'akemikolo

LAULAU 1 Manaʻoga Faʻakemikolo o Uʻamea Maualalo-Kaponi

Vasega	Tapula'a o le Fa'atulagaina o Kemikolo, %
Fa'ailogaina	CarbonA	ManganeseB	Fosforus,B	Sulfur,B
			sili ona maualuga	sili ona maualuga
MT X 1015	0.10–0.20	0.60–0.90	0.04	0.05
MT 1010	0.05–0.15	0.30–0.60	0.04	0.05
MT 1015	0.10–0.20	0.30–0.60	0.04	0.05
MT 1020	0.15–0.25	0.30–0.60	0.04	0.05
MT X 1020	0.15–0.25	0.70–1.00	0.04	0.05

LAULAU 2 Manaʻoga Faʻakemikolo o Isi Uʻamea Kaponi^BE fa'atatau tapula'a i le au'ili'iliga o le vevela; vagana ai ua mana'omia e le 6.1, o au'ili'iliga o oloa e noatia i fa'atagaga fa'aopoopo talafeagai o lo'o tu'uina atu i le Laulau 5.

Vasega		Tapula'a o le Fa'atulagaina o Kemikolo, %A
Fa'ailogaina
Fa'ailogaina	Kaponi	Manganese	Fosforo,	Sulfur,
			sili ona maualuga	sili ona maualuga
1008	0.10 maualuga	0.30–0.50	0.04	0.05
1010	0.08–0.13	0.30–0.60	0.04	0.05
1012	0.10–0.15	0.30–0.60	0.04	0.05
1015	0.13–0.18	0.30–0.60	0.04	0.05
1016	0.13–0.18	0.60–0.90	0.04	0.05
1017	0.15–0.20	0.30–0.60	0.04	0.05
1018	0.15–0.20	0.60–0.90	0.04	0.05
1019	0.15–0.20	0.70–1.00	0.04	0.05
1020	0.18–0.23	0.30–0.60	0.04	0.05
1021	0.18–0.23	0.60–0.90	0.04	0.05
1022	0.18–0.23	0.70–1.00	0.04	0.05
1025	0.22–0.28	0.30–0.60	0.04	0.05
1026	0.22–0.28	0.60–0.90	0.04	0.05
1030	0.28–0.34	0.60–0.90	0.04	0.05
1035	0.32–0.38	0.60–0.90	0.04	0.05
1040	0.37–0.44	0.60–0.90	0.04	0.05
1045	0.43–0.50	0.60–0.90	0.04	0.05
1050	0.48–0.55	0.60–0.90	0.04	0.05
1518	0.15–0.21	1.10–1.40	0.04	0.05
1524	0.19–0.25	1.35–1.65	0.04	0.05
1541	0.36–0.44	1.35–1.65	0.04	0.05

A O vaega ma tapula'a o lo'o tu'uina atu i lenei laulau e fa'atatau i le au'ili'iliga o le vevela; vagana ai ua mana'omia e6.1, o auiliiliga o oloa e noatia i le faapalepale faaopoopo talafeagai o loʻo tuʻuina atu i le Laulau Numera 5.

LAULAU 3 Manaʻoga Faʻakemikolo mo Uʻamea Faʻaʻauʻau
FA'AMATALAGA	1—O le lautele ma tapula'a o lo'o i totonu o lenei laulau e fa'atatau i u'amea e le sili atu i le 200 in.2 (1290 cm2) le lautele o le vaega fa'alava.
FA'AMATALAGA	2—E iai ni nai vaega itiiti o nisi elemene o loʻo iai i uʻamea faʻafefiloi e le o faʻamaotiina pe manaʻomia. O nei elemene e manatu o ni mea e leʻi faʻaopoopoina
ma e mafai ona iai i aofaʻiga maualuluga nei: kopa, 0.35%; nickel, 0.25%; chromium, 0.20%; molybdenum, 0.10%.
FA'AMATALAGA	3—O vaega ma tapula'a o lo'o tu'uina atu i lenei laulau e fa'atatau i le au'ili'iliga o le vevela; vagana ai ua mana'omia e le 6.1, o au'ili'iliga o oloa e noatia i tulafono talafeagai.
fa'aopoopoga o fa'apalepale o lo'o tu'uina atu i le Laulau Numera 5.

Vasega^A^,^B				Tapula'a o le Fa'atulagaina o Kemikolo, %
Fuafuaga-
Fuafuaga-	Kaponi	Manganese	Fosfo-	Sulfur,^C^,^D	Silikoni	Nikel	Kromium	Molybde-
fa'atonuga								Molybde-
fa'atonuga			rus,^Csili ona maualuga	sili ona maualuga				numera
								numera
1330	0.28–0.33	1.60–1.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	...
1335	0.33–0.38	1.60–1.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	...
1340	0.38–0.43	1.60–1.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	...
1345	0.43–0.48	1.60–1.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	...
3140	0.38–0.43	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	1.10–1.40	0.55–0.75	...
E3310	0.08–0.13	0.45–0.60	0.025	0.025	0.15–0.35	3.25–3.75	1.40–1.75	...
4012	0.09–0.14	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.15–0.25
4023	0.20–0.25	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.20–0.30
4024	0.20–0.25	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.035−0.050	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.20–0.30
4027	0.25–0.30	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.20–0.30
4028	0.25–0.30	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.035−0.050	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.20–0.30
4037	0.35–0.40	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.20–0.30
4042	0.40–0.45	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.20–0.30
4047	0.45–0.50	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.20–0.30
4063	0.60–0.67	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.20–0.30
4118	0.18–0.23	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.40–0.60	0.08–0.15
4130	0.28–0.33	0.40–0.60	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.80–1.10	0.15–0.25
4135	0.32–0.39	0.65–0.95	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.80–1.10	0.15–0.25
4137	0.35–0.40	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.80–1.10	0.15–0.25
4140	0.38–0.43	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.80–1.10	0.15–0.25
4142	0.40–0.45	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.80–1.10	0.15–0.25
4145	0.43–0.48	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.80–1.10	0.15–0.25
4147	0.45–0.50	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.80–1.10	0.15–0.25
4150	0.48–0.53	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.80–1.10	0.15–0.25
4320	0.17–0.22	0.45–0.65	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	1.65–2.00	0.40–0.60	0.20–0.30
4337	0.35–0.40	0.60–0.80	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	1.65–2.00	0.70–0.90	0.20–0.30
E4337	0.35–0.40	0.65–0.85	0.025	0.025	0.15–0.35	1.65–2.00	0.70–0.90	0.20–0.30
4340	0.38–0.43	0.60–0.80	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	1.65–2.00	0.70–0.90	0.20–0.30
E4340	0.38–0.43	0.65–0.85	0.025	0.025	0.15–0.35	1.65–2.00	0.70–0.90	0.20–0.30
4422	0.20–0.25	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.35–0.45
4427	0.24–0.29	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.35–0.45
4520	0.18–0.23	0.45–0.65	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	...	0.45–0.60
4615	0.13–0.18	0.45–0.65	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	1.65–2.00	...	0.20–0.30
4617	0.15–0.20	0.45–0.65	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	1.65–2.00	...	0.20–0.30
4620	0.17–0.22	0.45–0.65	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	1.65–2.00	...	0.20–0.30
4621	0.18–0.23	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	1.65–2.00	...	0.20–0.30
4718	0.16–0.21	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.90–1.20	0.35–0.55	0.30–0.40
4720	0.17–0.22	0.50–0.70	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.90–1.20	0.35–0.55	0.15–0.25
4815	0.13–0.18	0.40–0.60	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	3.25–3.75	...	0.20–0.30
4817	0.15–0.20	0.40–0.60	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	3.25–3.75	...	0.20–0.30
4820	0.18–0.23	0.50–0.70	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	3.25–3.75	...	0.20–0.30
5015	0.12–0.17	0.30–0.50	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.30–0.50	...
5046	0.43–0.50	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.20–0.35	...
5115	0.13–0.18	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.70–0.90	...
5120	0.17–0.22	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.70–0.90	...
5130	0.28–0.33	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.80–1.10	...
5132	0.30–0.35	0.60–0.80	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.75–1.00	...
5135	0.33–0.38	0.60–0.80	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.80–1.05	...
5140	0.38–0.43	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.70–0.90	...
5145	0.43–0.48	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.70–0.90	...
5147	0.46–0.51	0.70–0.95	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.85–1.15	...
5150	0.48–0.53	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.70–0.90	...
5155	0.51–0.59	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.70–0.90	...
5160	0.56–0.64	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.70–0.90	...
52100^E	0.93–1.05	0.25–0.45	0.025	0.015	0.15–0.35	0.25 maualuga	1.35–1.60	0.10 maualuga
E50100	0.98–1.10	0.25–0.45	0.025	0.025	0.15–0.35	...	0.40–0.60	...
E51100	0.98–1.10	0.25–0.45	0.025	0.025	0.15–0.35	...	0.90–1.15	...
E52100	0.98–1.10	0.25–0.45	0.025	0.025	0.15–0.35	...	1.30–1.60	...
								Vanadium

6118	0.16–0.21	0.50–0.70	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.50–0.70	0.10–0.15
6120	0.17–0.22	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.70–0.90	0.10 minute
6150	0.48–0.53	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.80–1.10	0.15 minute

						Alumini		Molibdenum

E7140	0.38–0.43	0.50–0.70	0.025	0.025	0.15–0.40	0.95–1.30	1.40–1.80	0.30–0.40

						Nikel

8115	0.13–0.18	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.20–0.40	0.30–0.50	0.08–0.15
8615	0.13–0.18	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8617	0.15–0.20	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8620	0.18–0.23	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8622	0.20–0.25	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8625	0.23–0.28	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8627	0.25–0.30	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8630	0.28–0.33	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8637	0.35–0.40	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8640	0.38–0.43	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8642	0.40–0.45	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8645	0.43–0.48	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8650	0.48–0.53	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8655	0.51–0.59	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8660	0.55–0.65	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
8720	0.18–0.23	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.20–0.30
8735	0.33–0.38	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.20–0.30
8740	0.38–0.43	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.20–0.30
8742	0.40–0.45	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.20–0.30
8822	0.20–0.25	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.30–0.40
9255	0.51–0.59	0.60–0.80	0.04	0.04	1.80–2.20	...	0.60–0.80	...
9260	0.56–0.64	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	1.80–2.20	...	...	...
9262	0.55–0.65	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	1.80–2.20	...	0.25–0.40	...
E9310	0.08–0.13	0.45–0.65	0.025	0.025	0.15–0.35	3.00–3.50	1.00–1.40	0.08–0.15
9840	0.38–0.42	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.85–1.15	0.70–0.90	0.20–0.30
9850	0.48–0.53	0.70–0.90	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.85–1.15	0.70–0.90	0.20–0.30
50B40	0.38–0.42	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.40–0.60	...
50B44	0.43–0.48	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.40–0.60	...
50B46	0.43–0.50	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.20–0.35	...
50B50	0.48–0.53	0.74–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.40–0.60	...
50B60	0.55–0.65	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.40–0.60	...
51B60	0.56–0.64	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	...	0.70–0.90	...
81B45	0.43–0.48	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.20–0.40	0.35–0.55	0.08–0.15
86B45	0.43–0.48	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.40–0.70	0.40–0.60	0.15–0.25
94B15	0.13–0.18	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.30–0.60	0.30–0.50	0.08–0.15
94B17	0.15–0.20	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.30–0.60	0.30–0.50	0.08–0.15
94B30	0.28–0.33	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.30–0.60	0.30–0.50	0.08–0.15
94B40	0.38–0.43	0.75–1.00	0.04	0.04	0.15–0.35	0.30–0.60	0.30–0.50	0.08–0.15

^BO vasega o loʻo faʻaalia i lenei laulau ma le mataʻitusi B, e pei o le 50B40, e mafai ona faʻamoemoeina e iai le 0.0005% le laʻititi o le puleaina o le boron.^AO vasega o loʻo faʻaalia i lenei laulau ma le mataʻitusi muamua E e masani ona gaosia e ala i le faiga o le ogaumu-eletise faavae. O isi uma e masani ona gaosia e ala i le faiga o le ogaumu-tatala-faavae ae e mafai ona gaosia e ala i le faiga o le ogaumu-eletise faavae faatasi ai ma fetuunaiga i le phosphorus ma le sulfur.

^CO tapula'a o le phosphorus sulfur mo faiga ta'itasi e fa'apea:

Ogaumu eletise masani 0.025 maualuga % Ogaumu eletise 'āsi 0.050 maualuga %

Ogaumu tatala masani 0.040 maualuga % Ogaumu tatala 'āsi 0.050 maualuga %

^DO le maualuga ma le maualalo o le aofaʻi o le sulfur e faʻaalia ai uʻamea ua toe faʻafouina i le sulfur.

^EE mafai e le tagata faʻatau ona faʻamaoti mai le aofaʻiga maualuga nei: kopa, 0.30%; alumini, 0.050%; ma le okesene, 0.0015%.

Meatotino Fa'amekanika

Uiga Masani o le Tete'e, le Ma'a'a ma le Tulaga Fa'avevela mo nisi o Vasega Masani o U'amea Kaponi ma U'amea Fa'a'au'au

CW—Fa'agaoioia Malulu SR—Fa'aitiitia le Lotovaivai A—Fa'a'anene N—Fa'atulagaina A O fa'amatalaga nei o fa'ailoga mo tulaga eseese: HR—Vave Ta'avale

Vasega	Tuutuuga-	Sili ona Lelei		Fua		Fa'aloloa	Rockwell,
Fuafuaga-	fa'atonuga^A	Malosi,		Malosi,		i le 2 inisi pe	Faigata
atunu'u						50 mm, %	Fuainumera B
		ksi	MPa	ksi	MPa	50 mm, %	Fuainumera B
		ksi	MPa	ksi	MPa

1020	HR	50	345	32	221	25	55
	CW	70	483	60	414	5	75
	SR	65	448	50	345	10	72
	A	48	331	28	193	30	50
	N	55	379	34	234	22	60
1025	HR	55	379	35	241	25	60
	CW	75	517	65	448	5	80
	SR	70	483	55	379	8	75
	A	53	365	30	207	25	57
	N	55	379	36	248	22	60
1035	HR	65	448	40	276	20	72
	CW	85	586	75	517	5	88
	SR	75	517	65	448	8	80
	A	60	414	33	228	25	67
	N	65	448	40	276	20	72
1045	HR	75	517	45	310	15	80
	CW	90	621	80	552	5	90
	SR	80	552	70	483	8	85
	A	65	448	35	241	20	72
	N	75	517	48	331	15	80
1050	HR	80	552	50	345	10	85
	SR	82	565	70	483	6	86
	A	68	469	38	262	18	74
	N	78	538	50	345	12	82
1118	HR	50	345	35	241	25	55
	CW	75	517	60	414	5	80
	SR	70	483	55	379	8	75
	A	50	345	30	207	25	55
	N	55	379	35	241	20	60
1137	HR	70	483	40	276	20	75
	CW	80	552	65	448	5	85
	SR	75	517	60	414	8	80
	A	65	448	35	241	22	72
	N	70	483	43	296	15	75
4130	HR	90	621	70	483	20	89
	SR	105	724	85	586	10	95
	A	75	517	55	379	30	81
	N	90	621	60	414	20	89
4140	HR	120	855	90	621	15	100
	SR	120	855	100	689	10	100
	A	80	552	60	414	25	85
	N	120	855	90	621	20	100

Onosa'i

Fa'apalepale i Fafo o le Lapoa mo Paipa Fa'ata'amilomilo ua Fa'auma i le Vevela^A^,^B^,^C

Tele o le lautele i fafo,	Fa'apalepale i le lautele i fafo, inisi (mm)
inisi (mm)	Ua uma	I lalo ifo
E oo atu i le 2.999 (76.17)	0.020 (0.51)	0.020 (0.51)
3.000–4.499 (76.20–114.27)	0.025 (0.64)	0.025 (0.64)
4.500–5.999 (114.30–152.37)	0.031 (0.79)	0.031 (0.79)
6.000–7.499 (152.40–190.47)	0.037 (0.94)	0.037 (0.94)
7.500–8.999 (190.50–228.57)	0.045 (1.14)	0.045 (1.14)
9.000–10.750 (228.60–273.05)	0.050 (1.27)	0.050 (1.27)

E le fa'aaogaina le fa'apalepale o le lautele i tulaga fa'atulagaina ma fa'amalūlūina pe fa'amālūlūina ma fa'amalūlūina.

B O le lautele o lapopo'a o paipa ua mae'a vevela e 1¹⁄2 inisi (38.1 mm) i le 10³⁄4 inisi (273.0 mm) le lautele i fafo ma le mafiafia o le puipui e le itiiti ifo i le 3% pe sili atu foi o le lautele i fafo, ae le itiiti ifo i le 0.095 inisi (2.41 mm).

C E maua lapopo'a tetele; fa'afeso'ota'i le kamupani gaosi mo lapopo'a ma mea e mafai ona fa'atagaina.

Fa'apalepale i le Mamafa o le Puipui mo le Fa'ata'amilomilo Vevela-Fa'ai'u

Paipa

Mafiafia o le Puipui	Fa'apalepale i le Mafiafi o le Puipui,^Apasene Sili atu
Fa'asologa e pei o le Pasene		ma i lalo o le Nominal
o Fafo
o Fafo	I fafo	I fafo	I fafo
Lapo'a	I fafo	I fafo	I fafo
Lapo'a	Lapo'a	Lapo'a	Lapo'a
	Lapo'a	Lapo'a	Lapo'a
	2.999 inisi.	3.000 inisi.	6.000 inisi.
	(76.19 milimita)	(76.20 milimita)	(152.40 milimita)
	ma laʻititi ifo	i le 5.999 inisi.	i le 10.750 inisi.
		(152.37 milimita)	(273.05 milimita)

I lalo ifo o le 15 tausaga	12.5	10.0	10.0
15 tausaga ma luga atu	10.0	7.5	10.0

Atonu e le aoga le fa'atagaina o le mafiafia o puipui i puipui e 0.199 inisi (5.05 mm) ma lalo ifo; fa'afeso'ota'i le kamupani gaosi mo fa'atagaina o puipui i ia lapopo'a o paipa.

o se fua e sili atu ona tāua, ona tatau lea ona fa'amaoti mai paipa e galue malulu i le lautele i totonu ma le mafiafia o le puipui po'o le lautele i fafo ma le lautele i totonu.

Paipa Fa'amekanika Liliu Ma'ale'ale—E le tatau ona sili atu le eseesega o le lautele i fafo ma le mafiafia o le puipui i le tulaga o lo'o i le Laulau. O lo'o aofia i le Laulau ia tulaga o lo'o fa'aogaina i le lautele i fafo ma le mafiafia o le puipui ma e fa'aoga i le tele ua fa'amaoti mai.

Paipa Fa'amekanika i le Eleele—E le tatau ona sili atu le eseesega o le lautele i fafo i le tulaga o lo'o i le Laulau. O lenei oloa e masani ona gaosia mai se paipa e fa'amamago malūlū.

Umi—E masani ona tu'uina atu paipa fa'amekanika i umi e vili ai, 5 futu (1.5 m) ma luga atu. O umi tipi maoti e tu'uina atu pe a fa'amaoti mai e le fa'atau. O fa'amaoniga o le umi o lo'o fa'aalia i le Laulau .

Sa'o—E le tatau ona sili atu le aofa'i o le fa'asa'o mo paipa lapotopoto e leai ni so'oga nai lo le aofa'i o lo'o fa'aalia i le Laulau.

Manaoga mo le Su'ega

1. Su'ega o le Ma'a'a
A manaʻomia ni tapulaʻa o le maʻaʻa, e tatau ona faʻafesoʻotaʻi le kamupani gaosi oloa. O loʻo lisiina atu maʻaʻa masani i le Laulau. A faʻamaoti mai, e tatau ona faia le suega o le maʻaʻa i le 1% o paipa.

2. Su'ega o le Fete'ena'iga
A manaʻomia ni meatotino e teteʻe ai, e tatau ona faʻafesoʻotaʻi le kamupani gaosi oloa. O meatotino masani e teteʻe ai mo nisi o vasega masani ma tulaga faʻavevela o loʻo lisiina i le laulau.

3. Su'ega e le Fa'aleagaina
E maua ituaiga eseese o su'ega ultrasonic po'o electromagnetic e le fa'aleagaina. O le su'ega e fa'aaogaina ma tapula'a o asiasiga e tatau ona fa'atuina e ala i le maliega a le kamupani gaosi oloa ma le tagata fa'atau.

4. Su'ega o le Fa'amumuina
Afai e iai ni manaʻoga faapitoa mo le mama o uʻamea, e tatau ona faʻatuina auala e faia ai suʻega ma tapulaʻa o le taliaina e ala i le maliega a le gaosi oloa ma le tagata faʻatau.