Muminda yekugadzira simba rekupisa uye kugadzirisa petrochemical, uko tembiricha yakakwira uye kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya zviri izvo zvinodiwa, simbi yeA335 P91 alloy chinhu chakakosha. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumitsetse mikuru yemhepo uye inodziisa zvakare zvikamu zvinopisa nekuda kwesimba rayo rakanaka rekupisa kwepamusoro, kuramba kukwira, uye kuramba kuoxidation. Zvisinei, mubvunzo unowanzo muka panguva yekutenga kana kushandisa: Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peType 1 neType 2? Chinyorwa chino chinopa tsananguro yakadzama.

Musiyano Mukuru: Maitiro Ekugadzira & Microstructure

Zvinodiwa pakuumbwa kwemakemikariA335 P91zvinotsanangurwa neASTM A335 standard pachayo. Kurongwa kweType 1 neType 2 hakubvi kuASTM A335, asi kubva kune imwe standard inokosha inotsigira: ASTM A213 (Standard Specification yeSeamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel yeBoiler, Superheater, uye Heat-Exchanger Tubes).

Musiyano mukuru pakati pemhando mbiri idzi uri mukugadzirwa kwekupedzisira kwekugadzirisa kupisa, izvo zvinoguma zvakananga nemusiyano muchimiro chavo.

P91 Rudzi 1

Inopfuudzwa neNormalizing + Tempering. Pombi yacho inopfuudzwa pamusoro petembiricha yekurerutsira yobva yapfuudzwa pamusoro petembiricha yekurerutsira.

Microstructure: Inoita kuti martensite ive yakapfava zvakakwana. Iyi ndiyo mamiriro ekare uye akajairika esimbi yeP91, ichipa musanganiswa wakanakisa wehunhu hwemakanika.

P91 Rudzi rwechipiri

Inopfuudzwa neSubcritical Annealing. Pombi yacho inonamirwa patembiricha iri pasi peAc1 (tembiricha yakaderera).

Magadzirirwo echinhu: Chimiro chayo chine ferrite + carbides inonyungudutswa. Haifambire mberi nemaitiro akazara ekururamisa kuti igadzire martensite.

Sei Rudzi rwechipiri ruripo?

Maitiro erudzi rwechipiri anonyanya kuitika kuti asvike pakukwanisa kushivirira kwakasimba kwazvo.

Maitiro eNormalizing + Tempering anogona kukonzera kukanganiswa kudiki kana shanduko mu ovality yepombi, izvo zvinogona kuva dambudziko kumashandisirwo ane zvinodiwa zvakanyanya-zvakanyatsojeka.

•Kuisa mvura mupombi kunoitwa patembiricha yakaderera uye inzira iri nyore, ichichengetedza zviri nani hunyanzvi hwayo nemaumbirwo ayo mushure mekushanda muchando.

Kusiyana Kwekushanda & Kuchenjerera Kwakakosha

Musiyano wakakosha uri muhunhu hwemakanika, kunyanya simba rekupisa kwakanyanya.

•Rudzi 1 (N&T): Ine simba rakazara uye simba guru rinodiwa nezvinodiwa nehurongwa hwemazuva ose. Ndiyo mamiriro anodiwa uye akajairika ekugadzira nekushandisa.

•Rudzi rwechipiri (Annealed): Simba rayo rakaderera zvakanyanya pane Rudzi rwekutanga. Simba rayo rekupisa kwakanyanya uye hunhu hwayo hwekukambaira hazvigone kusvika padanho repamusoro zvinodiwa zveP91 zvinhu zvinoenderana neASTM A335 standard.

Saka, zvinhu zverudzi rwechipiri hazvifanirwe kushandiswa zvakananga mukupisa kwakanyanya/kumanikidzwa! Kana mapaipi ari mumamiriro ekunze asina kusimba (Rudzi rwechipiri) akatengwa, mugadziri kana mushandisi wekupedzisira ANOFANIRA kuita kurapwa kwakazara kwekupisa uye kudziya paari asati aiswa kwekupedzisira. Izvi zvinoshandura chimiro chavo che microstructure kuita martensite inodziya zvizere (kureva, kuchishandura kuita mamiriro erudzi rwekutanga), nokudaro zvichizadzisa hunhu hwemakanika hunodiwa.

Tafura Yekuenzanisa Pfupiso

Muchidimbu, A335 P91 Type 2 imhando ye "semi-finished", iyo inorasikirwa nemasimba ese ekugadzira kuti zvive nyore kugadzira uye saizi dzakavimbiswa. Kune rumwe rutivi, Type 1 imhando ye "finished product", ine hunyanzvi hwese hunodiwa kuti ishande munzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya uye dzine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.

Panguva yekutenga nekuongorora, zvakakosha kutsanangura mamiriro aunoda uye kuona kuti ruzivo rwekupisa rwuri pazvitupa zvechigadzirwa chacho rwakarurama. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti mapaipi akaiswa ane chimiro chakakodzera uye hunhu hwakakodzera ndicho chinhu chakakosha pakuona kuti mafekitori emagetsi nenzvimbo dzemaindasitiri zvinoshanda zvakachengeteka uye zvakavimbika.