Kwicandelo lezinto zentsimbi, iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezisemgangathweni zihambelana neendidi ezahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zokusebenza. I-Q355D kunye ne-EN 10297 E355N ziintsimbi ezimbini eziqhelekileyo eziqinileyo eziphantsi kwe-alloy ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni oomatshini, izakhiwo zokwakha, kunye nezixhobo zobunjineli. Nangona zabelana ngokufana kwimilo yeekhemikhali kunye nenqanaba lamandla, zivela kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezisemgangathweni, nto leyo ekhokelela kumahluko kwiimfuno zobugcisa, imilinganiselo yesicelo, kunye neenkcukacha zokusebenza. Eli nqaku lithelekisa ngokucwangcisiweyo ezi zinto zimbini ukunceda abasebenzisi benze ukhetho olunolwazi olusekelwe kwiimfuno ezisebenzayo.

1. Iintsingiselo zeNkqubo eziQhelekileyo kunye neeBanga

Q355D: Olu didi luphantsi komgangatho wesizwe saseTshayina (GB/T 1591-2018) kwiintsimbi zesakhiwo eziqinileyo nezine-alloy ephantsi. U-"Q" ubonisa amandla okuvelisa, u-"355" ubonisa amandla okuvelisa amancinci angama-355 MPa, kwaye u-"D" umele umgangatho, nto leyo ebonisa ukuqina kwempembelelo kwi--20°C.

EN 10297 E355N: Olu didi luyinxalenye yomgangatho waseYurophu (EN 10297-1:2003) kwiityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zesangqa okanye ezingezizo ezijikelezayo. I-"E355" ibhekisa kumandla amancinci okuvelisa angama-355 MPa, kwaye i-"N" ibhekisa ekuhanjisweni kwimeko eqhelekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ulwakhiwo olufanayo kunye neempawu ngonyango lokulungisa.

2. Uthelekiso loBume beeKhemikhali

Zombini ezi ntsimbi ziquka ikhabhoni (C), isilicon (Si), kunye nemanganese (Mn), kunye nezinto ezidibanisayo ezongezwayo ukomeleza amandla nokuqina. Ngokubanzi, uluhlu lwazo lwezinto ezidityanisiweyo luyafana, kodwa imida ethile yahluka kancinci:

I-Q355D: Iqulethe umxholo ophantsi wekhabhoni (ngesiqhelo i-≤0.18%) kunye nolawulo olungqongqo lokungcola kwesulfure (S) kunye ne-phosphorus (P) ukuphucula ukudityaniswa kunye nokuqina kobushushu obuphantsi. Izinto ezixutyiweyo ezifana ne-chromium (Cr) kunye ne-nickel (Ni) ziphantsi kakhulu.

I-E355N: Isenokuba nomxholo wekhabhoni ophezulu kancinci (ngesiqhelo ≤0.20%) kwaye ingabandakanya izinto ezincinci ezifana nobhedu (Cu). Imigangatho yaseYurophu igxininisa ukwakheka okulungeleleneyo ukuqinisekisa iipropati ezipheleleyo emva kokulungiswa.

3. Uthelekiso lweePropati zoMatshini

Zombini zibonisa amandla okuvelisa angama-355 MPa, kodwa ezinye iimpawu zahlukile:

Ukuqina Kwempembelelo: Udidi lwe-Q355D "D" lufuna amandla okuchaphazela angama-≥34 J kwi--20°C, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi. I-E355N ayisoloko ichaza amaxabiso okuchaphazela obushushu obuphantsi, kodwa ukulungelelanisa kunika ukuqina okuhle kwe-ambient.

Amandla okuThamba: I-Q355D ngokubanzi isusela kwi-470-630 MPa, ngelixa i-E355N idla ngokuba yi-490-630 MPa, kwaye uluhlu oluqinileyo lwe-latter yokugqibela luphezulu.

Imeko Yokuhanjiswa: I-Q355D idla ngokuhanjiswa kwiimeko ezishushu okanye eziqhelekileyo; I-E355N inikezelwa ngokucacileyo ngendlela eqhelekileyo, ukuqinisekisa isakhiwo esifanayo esifanelekileyo ukuqhubekeka nokusetyenzwa.

4. IiNdawo zokufaka izicelo

I-Q355D: Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizakhiwo zokwakha, iibhulorho, ukwenziwa kwezithuthi, kunye nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswa eTshayina nakwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezithwaxwa yimithwalo enamandla kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi.

I-E355N: Isetyenziswa kakhulu kubunjineli boomatshini kunye nezinto zokwakha phantsi kwemigangatho yaseYurophu, njengeemveliso zeetyhubhu ezingenamthungo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifana neesilinda ze-hydraulic kunye nee-bearing sleeves, ezigxininisa ukusebenza kakuhle koomatshini kunye nozinzo.

5. Iingcebiso zoKhetho

Khetha i-Q355D xa: Iiprojekthi zifuna ukuqina okuqinisekisiweyo kobushushu obuphantsi; ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yaseTshayina okanye iinkqubo ezihambelana ne-GB kuyafuneka.

Khetha i-E355N xa: Ijolise kwiimarike zaseYurophu okanye kubathengi abafuna imigangatho ye-EN; izinto zifuna iimeko eziqhelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba imishini iyasebenza.

Ngamafutshane, nangona i-Q355D kunye ne-EN 10297 E355N zifana ngokwezinga lamandla, zivela kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezisemgangathweni kwaye zigxininisa iimpawu zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo. Abasebenzisi kufuneka baqwalasele imigangatho yeprojekthi, iimeko zokusingqongileyo, kunye neemfuno zokucubungula xa bekhetha phakathi kwazo. Iingcali zezixhobo zokubonisana ziyacetyiswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kunye nokuphuculwa.