Emkhakheni wezinto zensimbi, izinhlelo ezijwayelekile ezahlukene zihambisana namazinga ahlukahlukene kanye nezidingo zokusebenza. I-Q355D kanye ne-EN 10297 E355N ziyizinsimbi ezimbili ezivamile zesakhiwo eziqinile kakhulu ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni imishini, izakhiwo zokwakha, kanye nezingxenye zobunjiniyela. Nakuba zabelana ngokufana ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali kanye nezinga lamandla, zivela ezinhlelweni ezijwayelekile ezihlukile, okuholela ekwehlukeni kwezidingo zobuchwepheshe, izikophu zohlelo lokusebenza, kanye nemininingwane yokusebenza. Lesi sihloko siqhathanisa ngokuhlelekile lezi zinto ezimbili ukuze sisize abasebenzisi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezingokoqobo.

1. Izincazelo Zezinhlelo Ezijwayelekile Nezinga

Q355D: Leli banga lingeleveli yesizwe saseShayina (GB/T 1591-2018) yezinsimbi zesakhiwo eziqinile kakhulu ezine-alloy ephansi. I-"Q" isho amandla okukhiqiza, i-"355" isho amandla okukhiqiza okungenani angu-355 MPa, kanti i-"D" isho izinga lekhwalithi, okubonisa ukuqina komthelela ku--20°C.

I-EN 10297 E355N: Leli banga liyingxenye yendinganiso yaseYurophu (EN 10297-1:2003) yamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo anezingxenye ezijikelezayo noma ezingezona eziyindilinga. I-"E355" ibhekisela emandleni amancane okukhiqiza angu-355 MPa, kanti i-"N" ikhombisa ukulethwa esimweni esijwayelekile, okuqinisekisa isakhiwo esincane kanye nezakhiwo ezifanayo ngokwelashwa kokujwayelekile.

2. Ukuqhathaniswa Kokwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

Zombili izinsimbi zakhiwe ngokuyinhloko yi-carbon (C), i-silicon (Si), kanye ne-manganese (Mn), kanye nezinto ezincibilikisayo ezingeziwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla nokuqina. Sekukonke, ububanzi bazo bokwakheka buyafana, kodwa imikhawulo ethile iyahluka kancane:

Q355D: Iqukethe okuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhabhoni (ngokuvamile ≤0.18%) kanye nokulawula okuqinile kokungcola kwesulfure (S) kanye ne-phosphorus (P) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukushibilika kanye nokuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Izinto ezixubayo njenge-chromium (Cr) kanye ne-nickel (Ni) ziphansi kakhulu.

I-E355N: Kungaba nokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okuphezulu kancane (ngokuvamile okungu-≤0.20%) futhi kungafaka inani elincane lezinto ezifana nethusi (Cu). Izindinganiso zaseYurophu zigcizelela ukwakheka okulinganiselayo ukuqinisekisa izakhiwo eziphelele ngemva kokujwayelekile.

3. Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezakhiwo Zemishini

Zombili zibonisa amandla okukhiqiza angu-355 MPa, kodwa ezinye izakhiwo ziyahluka:

Ukuqina Komthelela: Ibanga le-Q355D elithi "D" lidinga amandla omthelela angu-≥34 J ku--20°C, okwenza lifaneleke ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu. I-E355N ngokuvamile ayichazi amanani omthelela okushisa okuphansi, kodwa ukwenziwa kube ngokwejwayelekile kunikeza ukuqina okuhle kwe-ambient.

Amandla Okudonsa: I-Q355D ngokuvamile isukela ku-470-630 MPa, kuyilapho i-E355N ivame ukuba yi-490-630 MPa, kanye nebanga eligxile kakhulu kule yokugcina.

Isimo Sokulethwa: I-Q355D ivame ukulethwa ezimweni ezigoqekile noma ezijwayelekile; i-E355N inikezwa ngokucacile ijwayelekile, okuqinisekisa isakhiwo esifanayo esifanele ukucutshungulwa okuqhubekayo.

4. Izinkambu Zohlelo Lokusebenza

I-Q355D: Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni izakhiwo, amabhuloho, ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto, nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eShayina nasezimakethe zomhlaba wonke, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni ezithwala imithwalo enamandla ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu.

I-E355N: Isetshenziswa kakhulu kubunjiniyela bemishini kanye nezingxenye zesakhiwo ngaphansi kwezindinganiso zaseYurophu, njengemikhiqizo yeshubhu engenamthungo esezingeni eliphezulu njengamasilinda e-hydraulic kanye nemikhono yokuthwala, okugcizelela ukusebenza kahle komshini kanye nokuqina.

5. Izincomo Zokukhetha

Ngithanda i-Q355D uma: Amaphrojekthi edinga ukuqina okuqinisekisiwe kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi; ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zaseShayina noma izinhlelo ezihambisana ne-GB kuyadingeka.

Ngithanda i-E355N uma: Kuqondiswe ezimakethe zaseYurophu noma kumakhasimende adinga amazinga e-EN; izingxenye zidinga izimo ezijwayelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini iyasebenza.

Ngamafuphi, yize i-Q355D kanye ne-EN 10297 E355N zifana ngokwezinga lamandla, zivela ezinhlelweni ezijwayelekile ezahlukene futhi zigcizelela izici zokusebenza ezihlukile. Abasebenzisi kufanele bacabangele amazinga ephrojekthi, izimo zemvelo, kanye nezidingo zokucubungula lapho bekhetha phakathi kwazo. Ochwepheshe bezinto zokubonisana bayalulekwa ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa.