Ma'aunin A335 (ASTM A335/ASME S-A335) wani tsari ne na ƙasa da ƙasa don bututun ƙarfe marasa shinge na ƙarfe da ake amfani da su a yanayin zafi mai yawa da matsin lamba mai yawa. Ana amfani da shi sosai a masana'antar sinadarai na petrochemical, wutar lantarki (ƙarfin zafi/nukiliya), tukunyar jirgi da tacewa. Bututun ƙarfe da ke ƙarƙashin wannan ƙa'ida suna da ƙarfin zafin jiki mai kyau, juriya ga rarrafe da juriya ga tsatsa, kuma sun dace da yanayin aiki mai tsauri.
Kayan aiki na yau da kullun da kuma sinadaran da aka haɗa na ma'aunin A335
Ana bambanta kayan A335 ta hanyar lambobin "P", kuma maki daban-daban sun dace da yanayin zafi daban-daban da muhallin da ke lalata iska:
| Matsayi | Babban sinadaran da aka gyara | Halaye | Zafin jiki mai dacewa |
| A335 P5 | Cr 4-6%, Mo 0.45-0.65% | Yana jure wa tsatsa da kuma ƙetarawa a yanayin zafi matsakaici | ≤650°C |
| A335 P9 | Cr 8-10%, Mo 0.9-1.1% | Yana da juriya ga iskar shaka mai zafi da kuma ƙarfin da ya dace | ≤650°C |
| A335 P11 | Cr 1.0-1.5%, Mo 0.44-0.65% | Kyakkyawan walda da ƙarfin matsakaicin zafin jiki | ≤550°C |
| A335 P12 | Cr 0.8-1.25%, Mo 0.44-0.65% | Kamar P11, zaɓi mai araha | ≤550°C |
| A335 P22 | Cr 2.0-2.5%, Mo 0.9-1.1% | Tsatsa mai hana hydrogen, wanda aka saba amfani da shi a cikin tukunyar wutar lantarki | ≤600°C |
| A335 P91 | Cr 8-9.5%, Mo 0.85-1.05% | Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi sosai, an fi so don raka'o'in supercritical | ≤650°C |
| A335 P92 | P91 + W | Juriyar zafin jiki mafi girma, ya dace da raka'a masu matuƙar tsanani | ≤700°C |
Yanayin amfani na bututun ƙarfe na A335
1. Masana'antar mai
A335 P5/P9: na'urorin fashewa masu katangewa a cikin matatun mai, bututun mai ɗauke da sulfur mai zafi sosai.
A335 P11/P12: na'urorin musanya zafi, bututun watsa tururi mai matsakaicin zafin jiki.
2. Masana'antar wutar lantarki (ƙarfin zafi/ƙarfin nukiliya)
A335 P22: Manyan bututun tururi da kanun tashoshin wutar lantarki na gargajiya.
A335 P91/P92: Na'urori masu ƙarfi/masu matuƙar muhimmanci, bututun mai ƙarfin nukiliya mai ƙarfi.
3. Tafasasshen ruwa da tasoshin matsin lamba
A335 P91: Abubuwan da ke da zafi sosai na boilers na zamani masu inganci.
A335 P92: Bututun da ke jure zafi mai yawa ga boilers masu sigogi mafi girma.
Yadda ake zaɓar kayan A335 da ya dace? Bukatun zafin jiki:
Bukatun zafin jiki:
≤550°C: P11/P12
≤650°C: P5/P9/P22/P91
≤700°C: P92
Muhalli mai lalata:
Matsakaici mai ɗauke da sulfur → P5/P9
Muhalli mai lalata hydrogen → P22/P91
Farashi da ƙarfi:
Zaɓin tattalin arziki → P11/P12
Bukatun ƙarfi masu girma → P91/P92
Ma'auni na ƙasa da ƙasa na bututun ƙarfe na A335
| A335 | (EN) | (JIS) |
| P11 | 13CrMo4-5 | STPA23 |
| P22 | 10CrMo9-10 | STPA24 |
| P91 | X10CrMoVNb9-1 | STPA26 |
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi akai-akai
T1: Menene bambanci tsakanin A335 P91 da P22?
P91: Babban abun ciki na chromium da molybdenum, ƙarfin juriya ga creep, ya dace da raka'o'in supercritical.
P22: Ƙaramin farashi, ya dace da tukunyar wutar lantarki ta gargajiya.
Q2: Shin bututun ƙarfe na A335 yana buƙatar maganin zafi?
Ana buƙatar daidaita yanayin zafi da kuma daidaita yanayin zafi, kuma P91/P92 kuma yana buƙatar kulawa mai ƙarfi game da saurin sanyaya.
T3: Shin A335 P92 ya fi P91 kyau?
P92 yana da juriya mafi girma ga zafin jiki (≤700°C) saboda kasancewar tungsten (W), amma farashin kuma ya fi girma.
Bututun ƙarfe mara shinge na A335 na yau da kullun muhimmin abu ne a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai yawa da matsin lamba mai yawa. Kayayyaki daban-daban (kamar P5, P9, P11, P22, P91, P92) sun dace da yanayi daban-daban. Lokacin zaɓa, ya zama dole a yi la'akari da yanayin zafi, lalata, ƙarfi da abubuwan farashi sosai, sannan a koma ga ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa (kamar EN, JIS).
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-06-2025
