Ipayipi lensimbi ububanzi balo obungaphandle nobukhulu bodonga bungaphansi kwama-20 libizwa ngepayipi lensimbi eliwugqinsi.

Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengamapayipi okumba i-petroleum geological drilling, amapayipi aqhekeka embonini ye-petrochemical, amapayipi abhayela, amapayipi anamanzi kanye namapayipi esakhiwo anembe kakhulu wezimoto, ogandaganda, kanye nezokundiza.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza yepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo

1. Ukuginqika okushisayo (ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elikhishiwe): ishubhu eliyindilinga billet → ukushisisa → ukubhoboza → ukugingqika okuphambana kwamaroli amathathu, ukugingqika okuqhubekayo noma ukukhishwa → ukususwa kwepayipi → ukwenza usayizi (noma ukunciphisa) → ukupholisa → Ukuqondisa → ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic (noma ukutholwa kwamaphutha) → ukumaka → ukugcinwa kwempahla.

Izinto zokusetshenziswa zokugingqa amapayipi angenamthungo yi-billet yamapayipi ayindilinga, Amapayipi amapayipi ayindilinga asikwa ngomshini wokusika abe yibhilethi enobude obungaba imitha elingu-1 futhi athunyelwe esithandweni ukuze kushiswe ngebhande lokuthutha. I-billet ifakwa esithandweni futhi ifudunyezwe ekushiseni okungaba ngu-1200 degrees Celsius. Uphethiloli yi-hydrogen noma i-acetylene. Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa esithandweni kuyinkinga eyinhloko. Ngemuva kokuthi ishubhu eliyindilinga seliphumile esithandweni, kufanele libhobozwe ngomshini wokubhoboza ingcindezi. Ngokuvamile, umshini wokubhoboza ovame kakhulu umshini wokubhoboza we-tapered. Lolu hlobo lomshini wokubhoboza lusebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhiqizeni, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo omuhle, ukunwetshwa kobubanzi obukhulu be-perforation, futhi ingagqoka izinhlobo zensimbi ezihlukahlukene. Ngemuva kokubhoboza, i-tube billet eyindilinga igoqeka ngokulandelana, igoqwe ngokuqhubekayo noma ikhishwe ngemiqulu emithathu. Ngemuva kokucindezela, susa ishubhu bese ulinganisa. Umshini wokulinganisa uzungeza ngesivinini esikhulu ngokusebenzisa i-conical drill bit ukuze ubhoboze imbobo endaweni engenalutho yensimbi ukuze wakhe ipayipi lensimbi. Ububanzi bangaphakathi bombhobho wensimbi bunqunywa ubude be-diameter yangaphandle ye-drill bit yomshini wokulinganisa. Ngemva kokuba ipayipi lensimbi lilinganiselwe, lingena embhoshongweni wokupholisa futhi lipholiswe ngokufafaza amanzi. Ngemva kokuba ipayipi lensimbi selipholile, lizoqondiswa. Ngemva kokuqondisa, ipayipi lensimbi lithunyelwa kumtshina wensimbi (noma ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic) ngebhande lokudlulisa ukuze kutholwe amaphutha angaphakathi. Uma kukhona ukuqhekeka, ama-bubbles, njll ngaphakathi kwepayipi lensimbi, kuzotholakala. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yamapayipi ensimbi, ukukhetha okuqinile okwenziwa ngesandla kuyadingeka. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yepayipi yensimbi, penda inombolo ye-serial, ukucaciswa, inombolo ye-batch yokukhiqiza, njll. ngopende. Ikhushulelwa endlini yokugcina impahla ngokhreni.

2.Ipayipi lensimbi elibandayo elidonsayo (eligoqiwe) elingenamthungo: ishubhu eliyindilinga billet → ukushisisa → ukubhoboza → isihloko → annealing → pickling → ukugcoba amafutha (i-copper plating) → umdwebo obandayo onama-multi-pass (ukuginqika okubandayo) → ishubhu le-billet → ukwelashwa kokushisa → ukuqondisa → Ukuhlolwa kokucindezelwa kwamanzi (ukutholwa kwamaphutha) → ukumaka → uphawu lwe-wareho.

Ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi angenamthungo-ipayipi eligoqiwe elishisayo, ipayipi eligoqiwe elibandayo, ipayipi elidonswa ngokubanda, ipayipi elikhishiwe, ukugqekezwa kwamapayipi

1. Ipayipi yensimbi engenamthungo yesakhiwo (i-GB/T8162-1999) iyipayipi yensimbi engenamthungo yesakhiwo esijwayelekile kanye nesakhiwo somshini.

2. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo okuthutha uketshezi (GB/T8163-1999) angamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo asetshenziselwa ukuthutha amanzi, uwoyela, igesi nolunye uketshezi.

3. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo amaboilers anengcindezi ephansi naphakathi (GB3087-1999) asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amapayipi esitimu ashisa kakhulu, amapayipi amanzi abilayo amaboilers anengcindezi ephansi naphakathi yezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene kanye namapayipi esitimu ashisa kakhulu amabhoyela esitimela, amapayipi omlilo amakhulu, amapayipi omlilo amancane nezitini ezikhothame

4. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo amaboilers anengcindezi ephezulu (GB5310-1995) ayinsimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-carbon, insimbi ye-alloy kanye namapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo angamelana nokushisa endaweni yokushisa yama-boilers wamanzi anengcindezi ephezulu nangaphezulu.

5. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo aphezulu emishini kamanyolo (i-GB6479-2000) ayinsimbi esezingeni eliphakeme ye-carbon structural steel kanye namapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo afanele imishini yamakhemikhali namapayipi anokushisa okusebenzayo okungu--40 ~ 400 ℃ kanye nengcindezi yokusebenza engu-10 ~ 30Ma.

6. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo wokuqhekeka kwe-petroleum (GB9948-88) angamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo afanele amashubhu esithandweni somlilo, izinto zokushintshanisa ukushisa namapayipi ezindaweni zokuhluza i-petroleum.

7. Amapayipi ensimbi okumba i-geological (YB235-70) amapayipi ensimbi asetshenziselwa ukubhoboza okuyisisekelo yiminyango ye-geological. Angahlukaniswa abe amapayipi okubhoboza, amakhola okubhola, amapayipi angaphakathi, amapayipi e-casing kanye namapayipi okukhipha inhlabathi ngokwezinjongo zawo.

8. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo okumba umnyombo wedayimane (GB3423-82) angamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo wamapayipi okubhoboza, ama-core rods, nama-casings asetshenziselwa ukumba umnyombo wedayimane.

9. Ipayipi lokumba i-Petroleum (YB528-65) ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elisetshenziselwa ukuqina ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kuzo zombili iziphetho zokumba uwoyela. Amapayipi ensimbi ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili: ucingo kanye non-wired. Amapayipi anezintambo axhunywe ngamajoyinti, futhi amapayipi angenazintambo axhunywe ngokuhlanganyela kwamathuluzi ngokushisela izinqe.

10. Amapayipi ensimbi engenamthungo ensimbi ye-Carbon steel (GB5213-85) angamapayipi ensimbi yensimbi engenamthungo asetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwezinhlelo zamapayipi okucindezela i-Class I, amasistimu amapayipi omfutho we-Class II, ama-boilers nama-superheaters. Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-carbon steel seamless steel pipe wall alidluli ku-450 ℃, kanti lelo lodonga lwepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lidlula ama-450 ℃.

11. Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo emikhono ye-asi yemoto (GB3088-82) ayinsimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-carbon structural kanye nengxubevange yensimbi eshisayo egingqike yamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo okwakhiwa kwemikhono ye-asi yemoto kanye namashubhu e-axle yokushayela.

12. Amapayipi kawoyela anomfutho ophezulu wezinjini zikadizili (GB3093-86) amapayipi ensimbi adonswa ngokubanda angenamthungo asetshenziselwa ukwakha amapayipi anomfutho ophezulu wezinhlelo zokujova injini yedizili.

13. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo angaphakathi obubanzi obunembayo amasilinda asebenza ngogesi nawe-pneumatic (GB8713-88) angamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo adonswa ngokubanda noma agingqike ngokubandayo anobubanzi obunembile bangaphakathi bokwenza amasilinda asebenzisa amanzi kanye nawomoya.

14. Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo elidonsa ngokubanda noma eligoqeke ngokubanda (i-GB3639-83) iyipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo elidonsa ngokubanda noma eligoqeke ngokubanda elinembayo elinobukhulu obuphezulu kanye nokuqedwa okuhle kwendawo yokwakheka kwemishini kanye nemishini yokudonsa amanzi. Ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo ngokunemba ukwenza izakhiwo zemishini noma okokusebenza okudonsa amanzi kungasindisa kakhulu amahora okusebenza ngomshini, kukhuphule ukusetshenziswa kwezinto, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kusize ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

15. Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo (GB/T14975-1994) iyinsimbi engagqwali egoqwe eshisayo eyenziwe ngamapayipi amelana nokugqwala kanye nezingxenye zesakhiwo kanye nezingxenye ezisetshenziswa kabanzi kumakhemikhali, uphethiloli, izindwangu, ezokwelashwa, ukudla, imishini nezinye izimboni (Insimbi enwetshiwe, enwetshiwe, enwetshiwe) ne-seamrolled.

16. Amapayipi ensimbi engenamthungo ensimbi yokuthutha uketshezi (GB/T14976-1994) angamapayipi ensimbi adonswe ngendlela ebandayo (agoqiwe) angenamthungo enziwe ngensimbi engagqwali ukuze kuthuthwe uketshezi.

17. Ipayipi lensimbi elimise okwesipesheli elingenamthungo igama elijwayelekile lamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo anezimo eziphambanayo ngaphandle kwamapayipi ayindilinga. Ngokusho komumo nobukhulu obuhlukene besigaba sepayipi lensimbi, lingahlukaniswa libe ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elinezindonga ezilinganayo (ikhodi D), ipayipi lensimbi elingenazindonga elinodonga olungalingani (ikhodi BD), kanye nobubanzi obuguquguqukayo ipayipi lensimbi elimise okukhethekile (ikhodi BJ). Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo amise okukhethekile asetshenziswa kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zesakhiwo, amathuluzi kanye nezingxenye zemishini. Uma kuqhathaniswa namapayipi ayindilinga, amapayipi anomumo okhethekile ngokuvamile anezikhathi ezinkudlwana ze-inertia kanye ne-modulus yesigaba, futhi anokumelana nokugoba okukhulu nokuqina, okunganciphisa kakhulu isisindo sesakhiwo futhi onge insimbi.

Ngokujwayelekile, amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo enziwe ngo-10, 20, 30, 35, 45 nezinye izinsimbi zekhabhoni zekhwalithi ephezulu ezifana ne-16Mn, 5MnV nezinye izinsimbi zesakhiwo esine-alloy ephansi noma 40Cr, 30CrMnSi, 45Mn2, 40MnB noma ezinye izinsimbi ze-compound rolling nezinye izinsimbi ezibandayo. Amapayipi angenamthungo enziwe ngensimbi enekhabhoni ephansi efana no-10 no-20 asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi amapayipi okuthutha uketshezi. Amashubhu angenamthungo enziwe ngensimbi ye-carbon steel ephakathi njenge-45 kanye ne-40Cr asetshenziselwa ukwakha izingxenye zemishini, njengezingxenye ezigcizelelwe zezimoto nogandaganda.　Ngokuvamile, amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo kufanele asetshenziselwe ukuhlola amandla nokuhlola ukucaba. Amapayipi ensimbi ashisayo ahanjiswa esimweni esishisayo noma esiphethwe ukushisa; amapayipi ensimbi abandayo ahanjiswa esimweni esishisayo. Amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo wamabhayela anengcindezi ephansi naphakathi: asetshenziselwa ukwakha amabhoyela ahlukahlukene aphansi naphakathi, amashubhu esitimu ashisa kakhulu, amashubhu amanzi abilayo, amashubhu odongeni lwamanzi namashubhu esitimu esishisa kakhulu samabhoyela esitimela, amashubhu amakhulu entuthu, amashubhu amancane entuthu namashubhu ezitini ezikhothamele.

　　Sebenzisa ipayipi lensimbi yensimbi engenamthungo yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-carbon structural hot-rolled noma egoqiwe (dayela). Ikakhulukazi yenziwe nge-No. 10 ne-No. 20 steel. Ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic, njengokugoqa, ukuvutha, kanye nokucaba, kufanele kwenziwe. Imikhiqizo egoqwe ngokushisayo ilethwa esimweni esishisayo, futhi imikhiqizo egoqwe ngamakhaza ilethwa esimweni sokushisa.

I-18.GB18248-2000 (ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo yamasilinda egesi) isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukwenza amasilinda ahlukahlukene wegesi nama-hydraulic. Izinto zayo ezimele ziyi-37Mn, 34Mn2V, 35CrMo, njll.

Thola amapayipi ensimbi angamanga naphansi anezindonga eziwugqinsi

1. Amapayipi ensimbi angamanga anezindonga eziwugqinsi kulula ukuwagoqa.

2. Amapayipi ensimbi mbumbulu anezindonga eziwugqinsi avame ukuba nomgodi ngaphezulu.

3. Amapayipi ensimbi angamanga anezindonga eziwugqinsi ajwayele ukuba nezibazi.

4. Ubuso bezinto ezingamanga neziphansi kulula ukuqhekeka.

5. Amapayipi ensimbi mbumbulu anezindonga eziwugqinsi kulula ukuwanwaya.

6. Amapayipi ensimbi mbumbulu anezindonga eziwugqinsi awacwebezeli futhi abomvu ngokukhanyayo noma afana nensimbi yengulube.

7. Izimbambo eziphambanayo zamapayipi ensimbi awugqinsi anezindonga eziwumgunyathi zincane futhi ziphansi, futhi ngokuvamile zibonakala zinganelisekile.

8. Ingxenye eyisiphambano yepayipi lensimbi elingumgunyathi elinezindonga eziwugqinsi i-oval.

10. Izinto zomgunyathi wepayipi lensimbi eliwugqinsi olunodonga luqukethe ukungcola okuningi futhi ukuminyana kwensimbi kuncane kakhulu.

11. Ububanzi bangaphakathi bepayipi lomgunyathi elinezindonga eziwugqinsi buyashintshashintsha kakhulu.

12. Izimpawu zokuhweba nokuphrinta kwamashubhu ekhwalithi ephezulu kulinganiselwe.

13. Ngezintambo ezintathu ezinkulu ezinobubanzi obungaphezu kwamapayipi ensimbi angu-16, ibanga phakathi kwamamaki amabili lingaphezu kwe-IM.

14. Imigoqo yobude ye-rebar yensimbi engenasici ivamise ukuba namagagasi.

15. Abakhiqizi bamapayipi ensimbi aqinile angamanga abashayeli, ngakho-ke ukupakishwa kukhululekile. Uhlangothi luyiqanda.